Whitening Effect of Androsace umbellata Extract

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the whitening effect of Androsace umbellata extract. To discover the anti-pigmentation effective, we investigated Androsace umbellata extract on tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition. As results, it reduced tyrosinase activity and melanin contents in B16F1 melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner with decreased to about 32% at a concentration of 25 µg/mL. To reveal how it works in inner-cellular level, we performed Western blot method. We found out that it also inhibited the protein expression in tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP-1), and microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF) in melanocytes. Therefore, we successfully identified the whitening effect of Androsace umbellata extract, and this finding suggested that Androsace umbellata extract is a considerable potent cosmetics ingredient for whitening. Based on this, we anticipated further researches about Androsace umbellata extract for gene levels and additional mechanisms to develop not only for functional cosmetics but for medicines or healthcare food.

Whitening Effect of Banana Leaf Extract

“…알부틴은 멜라닌 전구 체인 L-tyrosine과 경쟁적으로 작용하는 저해제 역할 을 하며, 코직산은 tyrosinase의 활성부위를 chelating하 여 L-DOPA와 DOPA quinone이 생성되는 것을 억제한 다. 알부틴과 코직산은 강력한 미백효과가 있으나 피 부자극이나 안전성 문제 등 일부 부작용이 보고되고 있어 이를 개선하기 위한 천연유래 신소재 개발을 위 한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다 [8,9]. …”

Inhibitory Effects of Carnosic Acid on Melanin Synthesis

“…Tyrosinase 효소는 멜라닌 생성에서의 핵심적인 효소 로 미백을 위한 주요 타겟이 된다. 대표적인 미백 소재인 닥나무추출 물, 알부틴(arbutin), 코직산(kojic acid), 유용성감초추출물, 에칠아 스코빌 에텔 등은 멜라닌 생성의 주효소인 tyrosinase의 활성을 억제 한다고 알려져 있다 (Kim et al, 2005;Baek et al, 2009) (Han et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2015). 로즈마리(Rosemarinus officinalis L.)는 방향성을 지닌 상록과목 이며 소나무 잎처럼 뾰족한 잎에 장뇌와 유사한 향이 나는 허브로 알 려져 있다.…”

Inhibitory Effects of Cycloheterophyllin on Melanin Synthesis

“…Kojic acid and arbutin are known to have strong whitening effects, but side effects of safety issues such as skin irritation have been reported [8,9]. Many studies are being conducted to discover new effective materials such as the development of natural-derived functional materials [8,9]. Cycloheterophyllin(C 30 H 30 O 7 ), a type of prenylflavone, is abundantly contained in Artocarpus heterophyllus, and has been reported to have pharmacological and biological functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet activity, and antioxidant efficacy [10][11][12][13].…”

“…In particular, arbutin plays a role in inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase by reacting competitively with L-tyrosine, which is a raw material for melanin, and kojic acid bound to the active site of the tyrosinase by Cu 2+ . Kojic acid and arbutin are known to have strong whitening effects, but side effects of safety issues such as skin irritation have been reported [ 8 , 9 ]. Many studies are being conducted to discover new effective materials such as the development of natural-derived functional materials [ 8 , 9 ].…”