Who killed the EnviroPig? Assemblages, genetically engineered animals and patents

Sanderson, Jay

doi:10.1080/10383441.2015.1063570

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For such a program to be possible, legal approval is necessary but has, so far, not been given, which has prohibited practical applications in livestock for food production. Early GM pig breeding programs, such as the EnviroPig, failed largely due to complex regulatory frameworks (Sanderson, 2015). The only GM animal with approval for human consumption is the AquAdvantage salmon (FDA, 2015).…”

Section: Breeding Schemes Incorporating Gm or Genome Edited Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Breeding and ethical perspectives on genetically modified and genome edited cattle

Eriksson

Jonas

Rydhmer

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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The hot topic of genetic modification and genome editing is sometimes presented as a rapid solution to various problems in the field of animal breeding and genetics. These technologies hold potential for future use in agriculture but we need to be aware of difficulties in large-scale application and integration in breeding schemes. In this review, we discuss applications of both classical genetic modifications (GM) using vectors and genome editing in dairy cattle breeding. We use an interdisciplinary approach considering both ethical and animal breeding perspectives. Decisions on how to make use of these techniques need to be made based not only on what is possible, but on what is reasonable to do. Principles of animal integrity, naturalness, risk perception, and animal welfare issues are examples of ethically relevant factors to consider. These factors also influence public perception and decisions about regulations by authorities. We need to acknowledge that we lack complete understanding of the genetic background of complex traits. It may be difficult, therefore, to predict the full effect of certain modifications in large-scale breeding programs. We present 2 potential applications: genome editing to dispense with dehorning, and insertion of human genes in bovine genomes to improve udder health as an example of classical GM. Both of these cases could be seen as beneficial for animal welfare but they differ in other aspects. In the former case, a genetic variant already present within the species is introduced, whereas in the latter case, transgenic animals are generated-this difference may influence how society regards the applications. We underline that the use of GM, as well as genome editing, of farm animals such as cattle is not independent of the context, and should be considered as part of an entire process, including, for example, the assisted reproduction technology that needs to be used. We propose that breeding organizations and breeding companies should take an active role in ethical discussions about the use of these techniques and thereby signal to society that these questions are being responsibly addressed.

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Section: Breeding Schemes Incorporating Gm or Genome Edited Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Breeding and ethical perspectives on genetically modified and genome edited cattle

Eriksson

Jonas

Rydhmer

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Similar to the previous dilemma, more proactive risk assessments need to be carried out for each scenario, considering the moral weight of the potential uncertainties [111]. In 2012, the Enviropig pig work was ultimately cancelled, but it raised several extrinsic ethical considerations including perpetuation of intensive pig farming and monopolized corporate agriculture [113]. Veterinarians need to speak up as animal welfare advocates using scientific and ethic-based principles rather than react defensively to constantly changing public expectations and moral pluralism.…”

Section: Applied Ethical Challenges In Modern Industrial Animal Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Animal Ethics in Industrial Food Animal Production: Exploring the Role of the Veterinarian

Trujillo

Llonch

Turner

2022

Animals

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Industrial food animal production practices are efficient for producing large quantities of milk, meat, and eggs for a growing global population, but often result in the need to alter animals to fit a more restricted environment, as well as creating new animal welfare and health problems related to animal confinement in high densities. These practices and methods have become normalized, to the extent that veterinarians and others embedded in these industries rarely question the ethical challenges associated with raising animals in this fashion. Moral ‘lock-in’ is common with those working in food animal industries, as is the feeling that it is impossible to effect meaningful change. Animal welfare issues associated with the industrialization of food animal production are ‘wicked problems’ that require a multi- and transdisciplinary approach. We argue that veterinarians, as expert animal health and welfare advocates, should be critical stakeholders and leaders in discussions with producers and the food animal sector, to look for innovative solutions and technology that will address current and future global sustainability and food security needs. Solutions will necessarily be different in different countries and regions, but ethical issues associated with industrial food animal production practices are universal.

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Responsible innovation through conscious contestation at the interface of agricultural science, policy, and civil society

Pant

2019

Agric Hum Values

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Who killed the EnviroPig? Assemblages, genetically engineered animals and patents

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Invited review: Breeding and ethical perspectives on genetically modified and genome edited cattle

Invited review: Breeding and ethical perspectives on genetically modified and genome edited cattle

Applied Animal Ethics in Industrial Food Animal Production: Exploring the Role of the Veterinarian

Responsible innovation through conscious contestation at the interface of agricultural science, policy, and civil society

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