Wild waterfowl as potential vectors of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> and <i>Aeromonas</i> species

Laviad-Shitrit, Sivan; Izhaki, Ido; Arakawa, Eiji; Halpern, Malka

doi:10.1111/tmi.13069

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Isolates were obtained from previous studies. 40 isolates were obtained from chironomid egg masses ( Senderovich et al, 2008 ; Shaked, 2011 ), 49 isolates from fish intestine samples ( Senderovich et al, 2010 ; Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2017 ), and 47 isolates from waterfowl intestine samples ( Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2017 , 2018 ). Details regarding the sampling sites, sampling dates and the identity of the sampled fish and waterfowl species, can be found in Supplementary Table S1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identity of O1 and O139 serogroups was examined by slide agglutination with the use of two specific antisera: (1) a poly antiserum specific for O1 surface antigen (Difco), and (2) an antiserum specific for O139 surface antigen (Ministry of Health, Israel). Moreover, V. cholerae isolates from waterfowl underwent somatic O antigen serogrouping ( Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2018 ). The procedure of somatic O antigen serogrouping is described in details in Shimada et al (1994) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish can get infected with V. cholerae via zooplankton consumption (chironomids or copepods) ( Halpern et al, 2008 ). Recently, we have demonstrated that V. cholerae can be identified from wild waterfowl intestines ( Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2018 ) and that great cormorants got infected with V. cholerae after they were fed with tilapia fish that were naturally infected with V. cholerae ( Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as we know, data regarding susceptibility of different V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 environmental serogroups is very rare. Knowledge of their antimicrobial resistance is of global health interest as they are dispersed all over the world and share the same niche with the pathogenic strains ( Halpern and Izhaki, 2017 ; Laviad-Shitrit et al, 2017 , 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Environmental Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolates

et al. 2018

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Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 are the causative agents of cholera disease. There are more than 200 serogroups in this species that are termed V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139. Non-O1/non-O139 strains can cause gastroenteritis and cholera like diarrhea, wound infections, external otitis, and bacteraemia that may lead to mortality. Previous antimicrobial susceptibility studies were conducted mainly on O1/O139 serogroups and on clinical isolates. Our aim was to study and compare the antimicrobial susceptibilities of non-O1/non-O139 environmental strains isolated from chironomids, fish, and waterfowl. Significant differences were found in the antimicrobial susceptibilities between the environmental strains that were isolated from three different reservoir habitats. Significant increase in minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin and chloramphenicol was found in chironomid isolates from 2009 compared to those from 2005. V. cholerae isolates from different waterfowl species displayed the highest MIC values to chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), while chironomid isolates demonstrated the highest MIC values toward ampicillin. Isolates from fish and waterfowl showed high MIC values toward doxycycline. No significant differences were found between the MICs of isolates from the different waterfowl species. The percentage of antimicrobial resistance among V. cholerae isolates from waterfowl was the highest compared to the abundance of antimicrobial resistant isolates from chironomids or fish. The antimicrobial resistance genes can be carried on mobile genetic elements, thus, waterfowl may act as reservoirs for these elements and may spread them all over the globe. Data regarding treatment with antimicrobial agents toward V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 serogroups is lacking and therefore further studies are needed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Environmental Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolates

et al. 2018

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“…Aquatic birds, especially migratory ones, play a significant role in the transportation of V. cholerae via two main routes. In the first route, birds may eat contaminated fish or other contaminated organisms in one pond and shed the pathogens in another area, as demonstrated by the presence of pathogenic V. cholerae in intestinal and fecal samples of aquatic birds [73,[87][88][89]. In the second route, chironomids and copepods, which are known to be reservoirs of V. cholerae, attach externally to the feather and feet of birds and facilitate the transport of pathogens [73].…”

Section: Aerial-dissemination Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Reservoirs of Vibrio cholerae: Challenges and Opportunities for Ocean-Color Remote Sensing

et al. 2019

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The World Health Organization has estimated the burden of the on-going pandemic of cholera at 1.3 to 4 million cases per year worldwide in 2016, and a doubling of case-fatality-rate to 1.8% in 2016 from 0.8% in 2015. The disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae that can be found in environmental reservoirs, living either in free planktonic form or in association with host organisms, non-living particulate matter or in the sediment, and participating in various biogeochemical cycles. An increasing number of epidemiological studies are using land- and water-based remote-sensing observations for monitoring, surveillance, or risk mapping of Vibrio pathogens and cholera outbreaks. Although the Vibrio pathogens cannot be sensed directly by satellite sensors, remotely-sensed data can be used to infer their presence. Here, we review the use of ocean-color remote-sensing data, in conjunction with information on the ecology of the pathogen, to map its distribution and forecast risk of disease occurrence. Finally, we assess how satellite-based information on cholera may help support the Sustainable Development Goals and targets on Health (Goal 3), Water Quality (Goal 6), Climate (Goal 13), and Life Below Water (Goal 14).

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Can Non‐ToxigenicVibrio choleraeReduce a Cholera Infection?

Sela

Hammer

Halpern

2023

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Vibrio cholerae, is the causative agent of cholera, that infects millions, annually. Chironomids are aquatic insects that host V. cholerae. Toxigenic strains produce cholera toxin (CT) which is the main virulence factor that causes cholera symptoms. In contrast to other bacterial pathogens, V. cholerae produces CT when at low cell densities while hemagglutinin/protease (HAP) is a high cell density‐controlled gene. When V. cholerae behavior was examined on chironomids, we showed that high cell densities of non‐toxigenic strains, increased HAP production in a toxigenic strain, conditions which could also potentially reduce CT production. Here we propose the value of studies that could support the potential of V. cholerae non‐toxigenic strains to repress virulence gene expression in cholera‐infected humans. High cell densities of a non‐toxigenic strain present in an infected individual, may down‐regulate CT expression, reducing cholera symptoms. To further test the hypothesis supported by a chironomid model, additional experiments in animal models are first needed.

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Wild waterfowl as potential vectors of Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas species

Abstract: Wild waterfowl species may carry pathogenic V. cholerae O1 and non-O1 serogroups and Aeromonas species in their intestine. The migration of waterfowl is a potential mechanism for global distribution of V. cholerae and Aeromonas.

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Environmental Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolates

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Environmental Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolates

Environmental Reservoirs of Vibrio cholerae: Challenges and Opportunities for Ocean-Color Remote Sensing

Can Non‐ToxigenicVibrio choleraeReduce a Cholera Infection?

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