Wilt/root rot diseases of chickpea in Ethiopia

Beniwal, S. P. S.; Ahmed, Seid; Gorfu, D.

doi:10.1080/09670879209371644

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Early-season planting of chickpea is usually associated with severe waterlogging, and seedbed preparation is also hampered by the physical property of these soils (Jutzi and Abebe 1987;Agegnehu and Sinebo 2012). If at all possible, early planting exposes the crop to increased risk of yield losses from soil-borne diseases, mainly wilt/root rot complex (Yimer et al 2018;Beniwal et al 1992). As a result, a significant number of farmers are still adhering to the traditional late sowing, after the off-set of the rainy season, and the crop is forced to grow on residual moisture.…”

Section: Planting Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the genetic potential of chickpea through improved crop management practices in Ethiopia. A review

Korbu

Tafes

Kassa

et al. 2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production in Ethiopia is exclusively rainfed. The average national yield remains low comparing to the potentially attainable yield because of the common notion among producers that the crop does not need any nutrient inputs. The newly developed high-yielding cultivars have brought significant yield gains. However, their genetic potentials are still hampered by the traditional crop management practices used and the problematic Vertisol growing conditions. Yields of chickpea grown on Vertisols are limited by poor drainage when sown early and by drought when sown late. This calls for optimization of the balance with minimum tradeoffs in key economic traits. Here, we review research progress on chickpea over the past five decades in Ethiopia, with particular emphasis on crop management practices. The paper gives a comprehensive overview of research findings and information generated on the Vertisol cropping systems, where chickpea is the principal rotational crop under cereal-legume cultivation entailing substantial role in cropping system intensification. It has been noted that the productivity of Vertisol-grown chickpea is largely constrained more by lack of the use of best bet crop management practices than the genetics of a given cultivar. For instance, raised-bed method as compared to the conventional flatbed increased grain and biomass yields by about 74% and 58%, respectively. The current average farm yield of chickpea in Ethiopia is about 55% of the yield potential of the crop, suggesting that farmers can still have rooms to substantially increase yield using improved practices. Based on the cumulative evidences, it can be concluded that the yield potentials of genetically elite cultivars may not be realized without synergistic combination of improved management practices and adequate nutrient use. We, therefore, recommend the integrated use of improved crop management strategies, while the soil physical properties still deserve utmost research attention.

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Section: Planting Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the genetic potential of chickpea through improved crop management practices in Ethiopia. A review

Korbu

Tafes

Kassa

et al. 2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…Regardless of the differences in soil types and cropping patterns, the wilt/root rot disease was prevalent in all the surveyed areas. Surveys conducted in the 1980s (Beniwal et al 1992), 1990s (Negussie 1996) and 2000s (Merkuz et al 2011 indicated that wilt/root rot disease of chickpea is widely distributed in major producing regions of the country. Moreover, depending on agroecologies, locations, crop stages and seasons when the surveys were carried out, the respective wilt/ root rot incidence reported by these workers was in the range of 1-41%, 3-68% and 2-62%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the biotic constraints, fungal and viral diseases are the major yield limiting factors throughout chickpea producing countries in the world. The major fungal diseases of chickpea include Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei), fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum fs ciceri) and dry root rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola), while the wet root rot (R. solani) and collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) are less important (Beniwal et al 1992;Seid & Melkamu 2006). Virus diseases such as the Beet western yellow virus, Bean leaf roll virus, Soybean dwarf virus, the Pea seed-borne mosaic virus and the Chickpea chlorotic stunt virus are economically important in many parts of chickpea growing regions of Ethiopia (Berhanu et al 2005;Abraham et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of wilt/root rot diseases in major chickpea growing areas of Ethiopia

Damte

Ojiewo²

2016

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection

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Wilt/root rot diseases are a major chickpea production constraint in Ethiopia causing yield losses by reducing the number of plants. To determine the current status of disease incidence and distribution, surveys were conducted in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping seasons in major chickpea growing zones of Ethiopia. Despite recent efforts in dissemination of improved varieties, low to high incidence of 0.

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“…R. solani is mostly responsible for poor germination and growth due to seed/seedling infections in the rhizosphere. The effects of the disease are visible in the whole plant, and pathogen coexistence with other complexes further complicates diagnosis [ 126 , 127 ]. R. solani is reported to be the prevalent isolate causing severe root rots in pea in the Colombia and Washington basins of the USA.…”

Section: Pea Rhizospheric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pea Breeding for Resistance to Rhizospheric Pathogens

Wohor

Rispail²,

Ojiewo³

et al. 2022

Plants

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Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a grain legume widely cultivated in temperate climates. It is important in the race for food security owing to its multipurpose low-input requirement and environmental promoting traits. Pea is key in nitrogen fixation, biodiversity preservation, and nutritional functions as food and feed. Unfortunately, like most crops, pea production is constrained by several pests and diseases, of which rhizosphere disease dwellers are the most critical due to their long-term persistence in the soil and difficulty to manage. Understanding the rhizosphere environment can improve host plant root microbial association to increase yield stability and facilitate improved crop performance through breeding. Thus, the use of various germplasm and genomic resources combined with scientific collaborative efforts has contributed to improving pea resistance/cultivation against rhizospheric diseases. This improvement has been achieved through robust phenotyping, genotyping, agronomic practices, and resistance breeding. Nonetheless, resistance to rhizospheric diseases is still limited, while biological and chemical-based control strategies are unrealistic and unfavourable to the environment, respectively. Hence, there is a need to consistently scout for host plant resistance to resolve these bottlenecks. Herein, in view of these challenges, we reflect on pea breeding for resistance to diseases caused by rhizospheric pathogens, including fusarium wilt, root rots, nematode complex, and parasitic broomrape. Here, we will attempt to appraise and harmonise historical and contemporary knowledge that contributes to pea resistance breeding for soilborne disease management and discuss the way forward.

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Wilt/root rot diseases of chickpea in Ethiopia

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Unlocking the genetic potential of chickpea through improved crop management practices in Ethiopia. A review

Unlocking the genetic potential of chickpea through improved crop management practices in Ethiopia. A review

Current status of wilt/root rot diseases in major chickpea growing areas of Ethiopia

Pea Breeding for Resistance to Rhizospheric Pathogens

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