Within- and among-population level differences in response to chronic copper exposure in southern toads, Anaxyrus terrestris

Lance, Stacey L.; Flynn, R. Wesley; Erickson, Matthew R.; Scott, David E.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.009

Cited by 28 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We used a Cu concentration of 30 lg/L because it is within the range of environmental concentrations in treatment wetlands (Flynn et al 2015), previous studies demonstrated that it negatively affects southern toad larvae (Lance et al 2013;Chen et al 2007), and it is above the concentrations (2-20 lg/L) at which Cu impairs olfaction (Sandahl et al 2007). Each week we collected water samples from each tank and analyzed them by either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or optical emission spectroscopy (OES) to monitor concentrations, and then added the necessary amount of CuSO 4 to adjust treatment tanks to 30 lg/ L Cu.…”

Section: Copper Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Due to intentional application to wetlands (e.g., noxious plant control) and agricultural fields, as well as unintentional discharge from mining and industry, Cu can be transported to surface waters (Banas et al 2010;Wang et al 2014). In amphibians, Cu can slow larval growth and increase larval period (Chen et al 2007, García-Muñoz et al 2009, reduce size at metamorphosis (Peles 2013), and decrease survivorship (Lance et al 2013, Flynn et al 2015 while also increasing vulnerability to other environmental threats, such as predation (McIntyre et al 2012). This latter point is particularly important given that predation risk is typical in most environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of metal and predator stressors in larval southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris)

2016

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Natural and anthropogenic stressors typically do not occur in isolation; therefore, understanding ecological risk of contaminant exposure should account for potential interactions of multiple stressors. Realistically, common contaminants can also occur chronically in the environment. Because parental exposure to stressors may cause transgenerational effects on offspring, affecting their ability to cope with the same or novel environmental stressors, the exposure histories of generations preceding that being tested should be considered. To examine multiple stressor and parental exposure effects we employed a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design in outdoor 1000-L mesocosms (n = 24). Larval southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris), bred from parents collected from reference and metal-contaminated sites, were exposed to two levels of both an anthropogenic (copper-0, 30 µg/L Cu) and natural (predator cue - present/absent) stressor and reared to metamorphosis. Toads from the metal-contaminated parental source population were smaller at metamorphosis and had delayed development; i.e., a prolonged larval period. Similarly, larval Cu exposure also reduced size at metamorphosis and prolonged the larval period. We, additionally, observed a significant interaction between larval Cu and predator-cue exposure on larval period, wherein delayed emergence was only present in the 30-µg/L Cu treatments in the absence of predator cues. The presence of parental effects as well as an interaction between aquatic stressors on commonly measured endpoints highlight the importance of conducting multistressor studies across generations to obtain data that are more relevant to field conditions in order to determine population-level effects of contaminant exposure.

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Section: Copper Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of metal and predator stressors in larval southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris)

2016

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“…The aqueous Cu concentrations (25 mg/L Cu 100 mg/L) in the present study that had few effects on A. opacum up to 10 d posthatching had moderate effects on leopard frog larval development [13] and were lethal to southern toads [14] in previous studies. Treating runoff and industrial wastewater by sequestering contaminants in situ using created wetlands has obviously benefitted the water quality of natural surface waters; however, these types of created wetlands are not functional equivalents of natural isolated wetlands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Effects of copper exposure on hatching success and early larval survival in marbled salamanders, Ambystoma opacum

Soteropoulos

Lance

Flynn

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The creation of wetlands, such as urban and industrial ponds, has increased in recent decades, and these wetlands often become enriched in pollutants over time. One metal contaminant trapped in created wetlands is copper (Cu(2+)). Copper concentrations in sediments and overlying water may affect amphibian species that breed in created wetlands. The authors analyzed the Cu concentration in dried sediments from a contaminated wetland and the levels of aqueous Cu released after flooding the sediments with different volumes of water, mimicking low, medium, and high pond-filling events. Eggs and larvae of Ambystoma opacum Gravenhorst, a salamander that lays eggs on the sediments in dry pond beds that hatch on pond-filling, were exposed to a range of Cu concentrations that bracketed potential aqueous Cu levels in created wetlands. Embryo survival varied among clutches, but increased Cu levels did not affect embryo survival. At Cu concentrations of 500 µg/L or greater, however, embryos hatched earlier, and the aquatic larvae died shortly after hatching. Because Cu concentrations in sediments increase over time in created wetlands, even relatively tolerant species such as A. opacum may be affected by Cu levels in the posthatching environment.

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“…Depending on physical characteristics and chemical composition of the water, these copper concentrations can be lethal to S. ruber e R. granulosa tadpoles. Long term sub-lethal concentrations of copper can cause adverse effects in the anurans development, such as reduction of weight and final length of tadpoles, increasing the chances of being preyed or appearance of malformations, such as wavy dorsal fin, bend tail, curvature body axis, yolk sac edema and reduced pigmentation, DNA damage and cell apoptosis (Lance et al 2013;Xia et al 2012). All these factors can, in the long term, result in reduction of local populations of frogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frogs are particularly susceptible to the effects of transition metals whose absorption is facilitated by their permeable skin. Tadpoles exposed to high concentrations of metals may present malformations, lower swimming performance and survival rate, longer metamorphosis time and changes in growth (Chen et al 2007;Garcia-Munõz et al 2009;Lance et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper toxicity for Scinax ruber and Rhinella granulosa (Amphibia: Anura) of the Amazon: Potential of Biotic Ligand Model to predict toxicity in urban streams

Franco-de-Sá

Val

2014

Acta Amaz.

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In the last years many populations of anurans have declined and extinctions have been recorded. They were related to environmental pollution, changes of land use and emerging diseases. The main objective of this study was to determine copper sensitivity of the anuran of the Amazon Rhinella granulosa and Scinax ruber tadpoles at stage 25 and Scinax ruber eggs exposed for 96 h to copper concentrations ranging from 15 µg Cu L -1 to 94 µg Cu L , respectivamente. O modelo do ligante biótico foi usado para prever os valores de CL 50 para essas duas espécies e pode ser considerado uma ferramenta promissora para essas espécies tropicais e para essas condições de água. A Toxicidade de cobre depende da composição físico-química da água e do estagio larval dos girinos. O estadio 19-21 de Gosner (relacionados ao aparecimento das brânquias externas) são os mais vulnerável e o estagio de ovo é o mais resistente. Em caso de contaminação por cobre, os igarapés naturais devem ter uma atenção especial, uma vez que o cobre é mais biodisponível nesse ambiente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: anfíbios, CL 50 -96h, cobre, BLM, poluição das águas.

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Within- and among-population level differences in response to chronic copper exposure in southern toads, Anaxyrus terrestris

Cited by 28 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of metal and predator stressors in larval southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris)

Effects of metal and predator stressors in larval southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris)

Effects of copper exposure on hatching success and early larval survival in marbled salamanders, Ambystoma opacum

Copper toxicity for Scinax ruber and Rhinella granulosa (Amphibia: Anura) of the Amazon: Potential of Biotic Ligand Model to predict toxicity in urban streams

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