World Food Insecurity and Malnutrition: Scope, Trends, Causes and Consequences

Thompson, B.; Cohen, Marc J.; Meerman, Janice

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0110-6_3

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Some recent reports on micronutrient status clearly suggested that every year more than 10 million people die due to the vulnerable effects of micronutrients while micronutrient deficiency also reduces the immunological capacity of plant and animals that enable them to resist against several chronic diseases (Flores and Gillespie 2001;Pinstrup-Andersen and Rosegrant 2001;Barrett 2002; Thompson et al 2012). Conventionally, from last many years, nutrition safety issue has been taken as the most significant realm of health professionals but still more focus is required to meet the food security challenges (Parnell et al 2001;Floros et al 2010;Chappell and LaValle 2011).…”

Section: Communicated By a K Kononowiczmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…& Durgesh Kumar Tripathi dktripathiau@gmail.com Nutritional insecurity, due to alarming micronutrient deficiencies has substantially contributed to the global burden of disease resulting in devastating health consequences as the people face extreme hunger, which later results into life threatening illness popularly known malnutrition or undernutrition (Flores and Gillespie 2001;Pinstrup-Andersen and Rosegrant 2001;Barrett 2002; Thompson et al 2012). Some recent reports on micronutrient status clearly suggested that every year more than 10 million people die due to the vulnerable effects of micronutrients while micronutrient deficiency also reduces the immunological capacity of plant and animals that enable them to resist against several chronic diseases (Flores and Gillespie 2001;Pinstrup-Andersen and Rosegrant 2001;Barrett 2002; Thompson et al 2012).…”

Section: Communicated By a K Kononowiczmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: advances and future prospective

et al. 2015

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In plant sciences, the prodigious significance of micronutrient is unavoidable since plant relies primarily on micronutrient as it has profound influence on array of plant activities. Although micronutrients are abundantly present in the soil but plants usually acquire them in relatively trace amounts; hence, regarded as tracer element. B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn are such micronutrients required in minute amounts by plants but inexorably play an eminent role in plant growth and development. Plant metabolism, nutrient regulation, reproductive growth, chlorophyll synthesis, production of carbohydrates, fruit and seed development, etc., are such effective functions performed by micronutrients. These tracer elements when present at adequate level, elevate the healthy growth in plant physiological, biochemical and metabolic characteristics while their deficiency promotes abnormal growth in plants. Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency has become more common in recent years and the rate of their reduction has further been increased by the perpetual demands of modern crop cultivars, high soil erosion, etc. On the basis of present existing condition, it is not difficult to conclude that, the regular increment of micronutrient deficiency will be mostly responsible for the remarkable degradation in substantiality of agricultural crops somewhere in near future and so that this issue has now been the subject of intensified research among the breeder, ingenuities and expertise of science. These micronutrients can also be proven toxic when present at accelerated concentrations and such toxicity level endangers the plant growth. Taking this into consideration, the current review unfolds the phenomenal participation of micronutrients in plant sciences and gives a brief overview of the current understanding of main features concerning several micronutrient acquisitions in agricultural crop plants.

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Section: Communicated By a K Kononowiczmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Communicated By a K Kononowiczmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: advances and future prospective

et al. 2015

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“…This aggregate effect has even led to several world food crises (Dyson, 1996). Regions most likely to be adversely affected by climate vulnerability are those already vulnerable to food insecurity and malnutrition namely Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia (Thompson, Cohen & Meerman., 2012;Tirado & Meerman., 2012). It is within these regions that the IPCC estimates the largest number of people will be affected (Nicholls et al, 2007).…”

Section: Vulnerable Economies Vulnerable Regions Vulnerable Ecosystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial amounts of agricultural land have already been compromised or lost due to desertification, soil salination and other climate change related trends in both areas (Thompson et al, 2012). Approximately 20-30% of plant and animal species assessed so far are believed to be at risk of extinction should increases in global average temperature exceed 1.5-2.5 degrees Celsius (Fischlin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Vulnerable Economies Vulnerable Regions Vulnerable Ecosystmentioning

confidence: 99%

El Nino-Southern Oscillation Influences on Food Security

Muza¹

2017

JSD

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El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most recurrent change in climate impacting agriculture productivity and food security. This study investigates ENSO impacts on four cereal crops (maize, millet, sorghum and wheat) using crop production and climate datasets spanning the years 1960-2015. The results of this study reveal that during El Nino (La Nina) maize, sorghum and wheat production decreases (increases) while that of millet increases (decreases). Even though, the correlation is statistically significant for maize only, the outcome is a call to review the macro-food policy taking into account ENSO-related phase effects to redress food insecurity. The study recommends incentives for agricultural productivity including irrigation intensification and small grain value chain development, trade and food security arrangements, income generation opportunities and strategic partnerships for improved food and nutrition security.

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“…Household food insecurity, defined here as constrained social, economic, and physical access to sufficient and nutritionally adequate foods for maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle, is a determinant for malnutrition and associated comorbid conditions globally37,38 and specifically, within sub-Saharan Africa 39. Although food insecurity is often a perennial state, it may additionally occur intermittently when conditions surrounding food production or acquisition become adverse 40–42.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Undernourishment and Food Insecurity Associations with Plasmodium falciparum Among Batwa Pygmies in Uganda: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey

Lewnard¹,

Ford²,

Lwasa³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Although malnutrition and malaria co-occur among individuals and populations globally, effects of nutritional status on risk for parasitemia and clinical illness remain poorly understood. We investigated associations between Plasmodium falciparum infection, nutrition, and food security in a cross-sectional survey of 365 Batwa pygmies in Kanungu District, Uganda in January of 2013. We identified 4.1% parasite prevalence among individuals over 5 years old. Severe food insecurity was associated with increased risk for positive rapid immunochromatographic test outcome (adjusted relative risk [ARR] = 13.09; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 2.23–76.79). High age/sex-adjusted mid-upper arm circumference was associated with decreased risk for positive test among individuals who were not severely food-insecure (ARR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.19–0.69). Within Batwa pygmy communities, where malnutrition and food insecurity are common, individuals who are particularly undernourished or severely food-insecure may have elevated risk for P. falciparum parasitemia. This finding may motivate integrated control of malaria and malnutrition in low-transmission settings.

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World Food Insecurity and Malnutrition: Scope, Trends, Causes and Consequences

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: advances and future prospective

Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: advances and future prospective

El Nino-Southern Oscillation Influences on Food Security

Relative Undernourishment and Food Insecurity Associations with Plasmodium falciparum Among Batwa Pygmies in Uganda: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey

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