X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of High‐ and Low‐Temperature Forms of Zirconium Titanate

Ikawa, Hiroyuki; Yamada, Toshiyuki; Kojima, Kenji; Matsumoto, S.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb04131.x

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The chemical compositions of the samples heated at 600°C were determined by AEM and the results are reported in Table 2. AEM is a statistical (25). The surface chemical compositions found for all samples changes as expected from the initial molar ratios.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Zirconium Titanate from Sol–Gel Synthesis: Thermal Decomposition and Quantitative Phase Analysis

Sham

Aranda

Farfan-Torres

et al. 1998

Journal of Solid State Chemistry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Zirconium Titanate from Sol–Gel Synthesis: Thermal Decomposition and Quantitative Phase Analysis

Sham

Aranda

Farfan-Torres

et al. 1998

Journal of Solid State Chemistry

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“…It is quite difficult from XPS data to state the oxide structure, a complex oxide [Zr x Ti y O z ] or a mixture of two oxides [ZrO 2 + TiO 2 ]; however, for nanochannels the 0.2 eV shift to lower binding energies for the Zr3d peak and the broader shoulder at higher binding energies (%532.2 eV) in O1s peak are indicative also of the presence of zirconium titanate or other mixed oxides [36,37] into the mixture of oxides. Furthermore, XRD patterns indicate orthorhombic srilankite too (besides anatase TiO 2 , cubic ZrO 2 ), and support the existence of a mixed complex oxide along the mixture of the two oxides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2(c)) for nanochannels, namely the solid line for the nanochannels (N) compared to the dashed line for compact oxide (CO). The shifting of Zr3d to lower values is attributed to formation, in some small amounts, of zirconium titanate or other mixed oxides [36,37]. As XPS high-resolution scans show the chemical composition at the top of the nanochannels, we further evaluated the chemical composition of the whole layer by EDX to be 12.3 at.% Zr, 23.5 at.% Ti, 53.9 at.% O and 10.3 at.% C.…”

Section: Morphology Structure and Composition Of Nanostructured Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanochannels formed on TiZr alloy improve biological response

Ion¹,

Stoian²,

Dumitriu³

et al. 2015

Acta Biomaterialia

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“…In order to evaluate the composition of the tubes, samples were investigated by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the obtained spectra are shown in Figure 3 [31] and broken lines show TiO 2 and ZrO 2 . [32] Besides the good agreement with the ZT peak, a small characteristic splitting of the O 1s spectrum at 532.5 eV is observed, which is typical of ZT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Self‐Organized Zirconium Titanate Nanotube Layers by Alloy Anodization

Yasuda¹,

Schmuki²

2007

Advanced Materials

120

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Self-organized nanoporous systems produced by using electrochemical processes have in the past decade attracted much interest owing to remarkable potential applications, for example, in high-density recording media, biological nanopatterning, optical devices, functional electrodes, and templates for nanoscale materials. Now, materials that exhibit self-organized anodic pore or tube growth include not only the wellstudied cases of aluminum oxide [1][2][3][4] and silicon [5][6][7] but a variety of metals and compounds. In our group, the fabrication of self-organized oxide nanotubes on valve metals has been investigated for titanium oxide, [8][9][10][11][12][13] zirconium oxide, [14,15] hafnium oxide, [16] niobium oxide, [17] tungsten oxide, [18] and tantalum oxide. [19] In these experiments, comparably thick layers consisting of oxide nanotubes with a diameter of ca. 20-100 nm were synthesized by anodizing metals in fluoride-ion-containing electrolytes. Oxide nanotubes grow as a result of a competition between electrochemical oxide formation and chemical dissolution of oxide by fluoride ions. In order to extend the functionality of the tubular materials by a new composition of oxides, one may target not only to produce binary oxide nanotubes but multicomponent oxide tubes by anodization of multielement alloys.[20] However, considerable difficulties can exist such as preferential dissolution due to chemical inhomogeneousness in the case of multiphase alloys. [20] In the present work, we demonstrate the direct formation of zirconium titanate (ZT) nanotube layers on a single phase Ti-Zr alloy. ZT is used as microwave resonant components and frequency-stable oscillators, [21][22][23] optical devices, [24,25] refractory ceramics, [26] and as a template for lead ZT (PZT). The Ti-Zr alloy system shows a solid solution behavior over the entire composition range.[27] This is particularly interesting as ZT complex oxides also show a solid solution behavior in the composition range between about X Ti = 0.4 and 0.7, including the compounds of ZrTiO 4 , Zr 5 Ti 7 O 24 , and ZrTi 2 O 6 . [28][29][30] The present work uses a (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + 0.5 wt % NH 4 F electrolyte for the growth of the nanotubular layers, that is, an electrolyte where nanotubes on elemental Ti and Zr could be successfully grown. Figure 1 shows the current density versus potential curve (Fig. 1a) and the current density versus time behavior during potentiostatic anodization at 20 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) (Fig. 1b) for the Ti-Zr alloy in 1 M (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + 0.5 wt % NH 4 F solution. During the potential sweep (Fig. 1a), the current first increases up to 7 mA cm -2 and then drops to a steady value of 4.5 mA cm -2 . This behavior has been found for pore formation on several valve metals including titanium [8][9][10][11][12][13] and zirconium. [14,15] In the initial stage with a current increase, an oxide layer is formed, which then becomes perforated and converted to a porous wormlike initial layers (the latter is combined with an increase in the active surface area). W...

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X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of High‐ and Low‐Temperature Forms of Zirconium Titanate

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

Zirconium Titanate from Sol–Gel Synthesis: Thermal Decomposition and Quantitative Phase Analysis

Zirconium Titanate from Sol–Gel Synthesis: Thermal Decomposition and Quantitative Phase Analysis

Nanochannels formed on TiZr alloy improve biological response

Formation of Self‐Organized Zirconium Titanate Nanotube Layers by Alloy Anodization

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