Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: A Retrospective Review of 16 Cases

Abstract

PurposeXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an uncommon disorder of unknown etiology that is characterized by extensive destruction of the involved kidney. It is being increasingly recognized as an important cause of renal morbidity around the world.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study was undertaken to review the xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis cases presented at our tertiary care referral center in Bangalore, India.ResultsA total of 16 biopsy-proven cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis from October 2007 to March 2010 treated at our institute were included in the study. There were 10 females and 6 males with a mean age of 51.5 years. Flank pain was the most common presenting symptom followed by fever. All patients had unilateral disease and underwent total nephrectomy of the affected nonfunctional kidney.ConclusionsXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a chronic and unusual infectious inflammatory condition involving the renal parenchyma. The definite treatment is nephrectomy. Early identification and prompt treatment of this relatively benign and uncommon condition is important to minimize morbidity and mortality.

Histopathological spectrum of Nephrectomy specimen in a tertiary care centre: with an emphasis on Chronic Pyelonephritis

“…Globally the incidence of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is 0.6 to 1% with female preponderance [13] , but in our study 5 cases have been reported which is found to be discordance with the other study.…”

A Case of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Associated with Renoduodenal Fistula

“…This theory is supported by the observation that urinary tract calculi are present in 70–79% of patients with XGP [2]. XGP accounts for approximately 1% of pyelonephritis cases reported worldwide [3]. …”

Extraspinal Critical Findings on Lumbar Spine Imaging: What the Neuroradiologist Cannot Afford to Miss

“…29 The primary presenting symptom is abdominal/ flank pain, followed by fever, dysuria, and weight loss. 30,31 Unilateral lesions are most common, with equal frequency associated with the right and left kidneys. 30 XGP results in either poor renal function or completely nonfunctioning, enlarged kidneys.…”

“…30,31 Unilateral lesions are most common, with equal frequency associated with the right and left kidneys. 30 XGP results in either poor renal function or completely nonfunctioning, enlarged kidneys. 32 Identification on MR imaging revolves again around discovery of a large "staghorn" calculus appearing as a hypointensity (signal-intensity void) 33 in combination with focal atrophy of the surrounding kidney.…”