Xenogeneic Osteogenin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein, and Demineralized Bone Matrices, Including Human, Induce Bone Differentiation in Athymic Rats and Baboons

Ripamonti, Ugo; Magan, Ansuyah; Ma, Shuhua; Heever, B. Van Den; Moehl, Torsten; Reddi, A. Hari

doi:10.1016/s0934-8832(11)80195-2

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It could also imply that native reindeer bone protein extract is immunogenic for the rat model [11,21,22]. In some studies nude rats have been used to obviate problems of immunogenic reactions to xenografts [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reindeer bone extract can heal the critical-size rat femur defect

Tölli

Kujala

Jämsä

et al. 2010

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Bone extract from reindeer induces new ectopic bone formation (BF) in muscle pouches, but its feasibility in experimental bone lesions has not been evaluated. We investigated the effects of implants, containing 2, 5, 15, 20 or 50 mg of reindeer bone extract in a collagen carrier, on the healing of 8-mm femur defects in 78 rats. We used 30 µg of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in a collagen carrier, collagen and untreated defects as controls. Bone healing was evaluated with radiographs, peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), biomechanics and histology. In comparison with empty defects, the groups receiving bone extracts showed more BF at three weeks and had better bone union (BU), larger mean cross-sectional bone area at the defect site in groups receiving higher doses of extract, showed greater torsional stiffness of the bones and higher maximum breaking load of bones at six weeks. In comparison to all other groups, in the rhBMP-2 group, BF and BU were best at the three-and six-week follow-up, bone area was largest and mechanical test results were best. Although rhBMP-2 is superior for new bone regeneration, native reindeer bone extract is also effective in the six-week follow-up period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reindeer bone extract can heal the critical-size rat femur defect

Tölli

Kujala

Jämsä

et al. 2010

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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“…Xenogeneic bone has been studied as an alternative to autogenous and allogenous grafts by many authors [3,6,7,11,13,14,19]. Salama [14] used xenogeneic bovine bone (Kiel bone), which was hydrogen peroxide extracted, fat solvent treated and dried with acetone, in various clinical situations in humans, including fractures, benign bone lesions, and pseudoarthrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of consensus on the suitability of xenogeneic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) for bone transplantation, even in lower-order animals [1]. Ripamonti et al [13] showed that baboon and human DBM induced enchondral bone formation in athymic rats and baboons, but not in euthymic rats. Bone formation induced by human DBM in baboons suggests that intact bone matrices processed in this manner may not be species-specific, at least among primates [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ripamonti et al [13] showed that baboon and human DBM induced enchondral bone formation in athymic rats and baboons, but not in euthymic rats. Bone formation induced by human DBM in baboons suggests that intact bone matrices processed in this manner may not be species-specific, at least among primates [13]. Here, demineralized bovine cancellous bone was unable to induce new bone formation in canines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has to be processed to render it safe for transplantation to a human host [1]. Xenogeneic bone, usually of bovine origin and processed in various ways, has been used in many animal studies [3,6,7,13,14,19]. The results have been acceptable but generally inferior to autogeneic bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine bone implant with bovine bone morphogenetic protein in healing a canine ulnar defect

Tuominen

Jämsä

Tuukkanen

et al. 2001

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Xenograft is considered an alternative material for bone transplantation, but its bone healing capacity is inferior compared to that of autografts and allografts. Here, we tested whether bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) addition enhances the suitability of demineralized xenogeneic bovine bone for bone grafting in dogs, and whether xenogeneic bone is a suitable carrier material for BMPs. The capacity of demineralized bovine bone implants, with and without native partially purified bovine BMP, to heal a 2-cm ulnar defect was determined in six dogs over a follow-up time of 20 weeks. No instances of bone union were seen, but there was slightly more bone formation in the xenografts with BMP, though the difference was not statistically significant. The ulnas treated with an implant with BMP were also mechanically stronger, but the difference was not significant. Computed tomography scans showed no differences in the implant area in bone density, bone mineral content, or bone cross-sectional area. It is concluded that native, partially purified BMP does not sufficiently improve the suitability of bovine demineralized xenografts as a bone substitute material for dog. Demineralized xenogeneic bone does not seem to be a feasible carrier material for BMP.

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Comparative evaluation of the osteoinductivity of two formulations of human demineralized bone matrix

Takikawa

Bauer

Kambic

et al. 2003

J Biomedical Materials Res

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In the United States, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is considered a transplantable tissue and therefore is regulated primarily by the American Association of Tissue Banks. Even though DBM is not subjected to the same regulations relative to performance claims as medical devices are, one would expect different processing methods might yield DBM preparations of different osteoinductive potential. The purpose of this study was to use an established athymic rat model to compare the osteoinductive properties of two commercially available human DBMs prepared using different methods but having essentially identical product claims. Sixteen female athymic rats were used to test equivalent volumes of two lots each of Grafton Putty (Osteotech, Inc., Eatontown, NJ), Osteofil (Regeneration Technologies, Inc., Alachua, FL), and rat DBM. At 28 days after implantation, qualitative and semiquantitative microscopy showed no significant differences in bone formation between the two lots from each source, but rat DBM produced significantly more bone than Grafton, which produced significantly more bone than Osteofil. Our results suggest that methods of graft processing may represent a greater source of variability than do differences among individual donors. Whether these differences relate to methods of demineralization, carrier, dose of DBM per volume, or to some other factor remains to be determined.

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Xenogeneic Osteogenin, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein, and Demineralized Bone Matrices, Including Human, Induce Bone Differentiation in Athymic Rats and Baboons

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Reindeer bone extract can heal the critical-size rat femur defect

Reindeer bone extract can heal the critical-size rat femur defect

Bovine bone implant with bovine bone morphogenetic protein in healing a canine ulnar defect

Comparative evaluation of the osteoinductivity of two formulations of human demineralized bone matrix

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