XPD inhibits cell growth and invasion and enhances chemosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Abstract

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (EScc) is a lethal disease due to its high aggressiveness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group d (XPd) in the growth and invasion of EScc and to elucidate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Western blot analysis and RT-qPcR were used to detect the expression level of XPd in EScc tissue samples and adjacent normal esophageal tissue samples. The pEGFP-N2/XPd plasmid was transfected into human EScc cell lines (Ec9706 and Ec109). The proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of Ec9706 or Ec109 cells were assessed following transfection with the XPd overexpression plasmid. The chemosensitivity of Ec9706 or Ec109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes were detected by RT-qPcR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that the expression level of XPd was markedly lower in EScc tissue samples than in adjacent normal esophageal tissue samples. The pEGFP-N2/XPd plasmid was successfully transfected into Ec9706 or Ec109 cells, inducing XPd overexpression. A High XPd expression markedly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the apoptotic rate of Ec9706 and Ec109 cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of XPD significantly increased the chemosensitivity of Ec9706 and Ec109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil. Following XPD overexpression, the expression levels of PI3K, p-AKT, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were markedly downregulated, while the expression level of p21 was markedly upregulated. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that XPd inhibits the growth and invasion of Ec9706 and Ec109 cells, whilst also enhancing the chemosensitivity of Ec9706 and EC109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. XPD may thus be an underlying target for EScc treatment and drug resistance.

The DNA Repair Enzyme XPD Is Partially Regulated by PI3K/AKT Signaling in the Context of Bupivacaine‐Mediated Neuronal DNA Damage

“…Our latest data also showed that PI3K/AKT is closely involved in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity [ 7 ]. Furthermore, XPD can inhibit tumor cell growth and invasion by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway [ 25 ]. The relationship between the XPD and PI3K/AKT pathways in the bupivacaine-mediated oxidative neurotoxicity is unclear.…”

HDAC2 enhances esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development through down-regulating microRNA-503-5p and promoting CXCL10

“…As one of the most aggressive malignancies, ESCC imposes lethal menace on human beings [ 27 ]. Illuminated by the existed knowledge about the implications of HDACs and miRNAs in ESCC, this work was started from the axis of HDAC2 and miR-503-5p with the involvement of CXCL10 in this disease.…”

Small Proline-Rich Protein 2B Facilitates Gastric Adenocarcinoma Proliferation via MDM2-p53/p21 Signaling Pathway

“…The apoptosis assay was conducted as we previously described. 21 Briefly, transfected cells were trypsinized and collected by centrifugation, then resuspended in 500 µL of buffer and incubated with Annexin V-FITC/PI kit for 15 min. The apoptotic rate was detected using a flow cytometer (FACSCalibur, BD Biosciences).…”