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Eisenhauer, Greg; Bustamante, Fabián E.; Schwan, Karsten

doi:10.1023/a:1011402625260

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Механизм образования трещин на стволах живых деревьев при быстром и значительном понижении окружающей температуры давно подробно описан [2,3] и считается хорошо известным [1,4,9,11].…”

Section: естественные науки и лес -----------------------------------unclassified

Frozen Cracks as Specific Pathological Tissue of Oak Trees of Oak Recreation Zone of Voronezh City

Фурменкова¹,

Furmenkova

Kochergina

et al. 2018

Forestry Engineering Journal

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The article is devoted to the most specific to oak pathological signs in the plantations of the recreational zone of the city of Voronezh. These include frost cracks. Regularities of the manifestation of frost-breaking cracks and their significance are analyzed. On the basis of literature sources it is established that frost cracks appear on the trunk of oaks not only in extremely severe, but also in ordinary winters and affect the best, cleaned from the branches, part of the lower trunk, significantly reducing the yield of valuable assortments. The mechanism of crack formation on the trunks of living trees is given, with rapid and significant lowering of the ambient temperature. Occurrence of this feature in the oak forests of the forest-steppe is identified and analyzed. Evaluation of the role of frost crack in the weakening of oak trees is conducted. The causes and regularities of their appearance in various types of plantations are revealed. The data for all frost cracks are recorded with their differentiation into overgrown and unbroken cracks. Variation of this feature in various plantations is shown. Analysis of the structure of frost crack as a result of a disproportionate thermal contraction of the tissues of the outer and inner parts of the trunk is made. The location of the frost cracks is analyzed depending on the sides of the light and depending on the inclination of the trunk. Manifestations of the occurrence of frost cracks are analyzed depending on the combination of the inclination of the trunk and the sides of the light. Comparative characteristic of frost cracks on height of a trunk and extent on trees of other species is made. As a result, the occurrence of frost cracks in all ripening and ripe oak plantations of the recreational zone of Voronezh has been revealed. The ability of frosts to infect oak trees with stem decay and deteriorate the sanitary state of plantations is revealed. It is determined that frost cracks appear in the draft timber facing the north and east and have a well-defined specificity in place of location and extent.

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Section: естественные науки и лес -----------------------------------unclassified

Frozen Cracks as Specific Pathological Tissue of Oak Trees of Oak Recreation Zone of Voronezh City

Фурменкова¹,

Furmenkova

Kochergina

et al. 2018

Forestry Engineering Journal

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“…Среди деревьев дуба с усохшей вершиной, чаще встречаются деревья, у которых отмерла половина и более вершины. Следует отметить, что при выявлении данного патологического признака вероятна наибольшая погрешность оценки, особенно в сложных по структуре и высокополнотных насаждениях [7,8].…”

Section: природопользование -----------------------------------------unclassified

Specifics of diagnosis of oak wood condition based on visual assessment of external signs of pathology

Царалунга¹,

Tsaralunga²,

Царалунга³

et al. 2017

Forestry Engineering Journal

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Article establishes that the modern system of diagnostics of the state of tree on the basis of account of the only confessed (legalized) list of external pathological signs does not give the objective estimation of the state and perspective of stand. Authors, on the example of stands of English oak, in plantings of Voronezh, Belgorod and Tula regions, show variety, differentiation, specificity and meaningfulness of external pathological signs. The features of display of pathology of English oak are marked in the different plantations. A list of detected and the proportion of pathological signs in the oak forests is given.

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Middleware for real‐time distributed simulations

McLean

Fujimoto

Fitzgibbons

2004

Concurrency and Computation

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SUMMARYDistributed simulation applications often rely on middleware to provide services to support their execution over distributed computing environments. Such middleware spans many levels, ranging from lowlevel support for data transmission through object request brokers to higher level, simulation specific functionality such as time management. We discuss design alternatives for realizing such middleware for hard real-time distributed simulations such as hardware-in-the-loop applications. We present the results from tests of a prototype implementation of real-time Run-Time Infrastructure middleware. Its performance is compared with a non-real-time implementation.

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Untitled

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Frozen Cracks as Specific Pathological Tissue of Oak Trees of Oak Recreation Zone of Voronezh City

Frozen Cracks as Specific Pathological Tissue of Oak Trees of Oak Recreation Zone of Voronezh City

Specifics of diagnosis of oak wood condition based on visual assessment of external signs of pathology

Middleware for real‐time distributed simulations

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