Zinc phthalocyanine — Influence of substrate temperature, film thickness, and kind of substrate on the morphology

Schünemann, Christoph; Elschner, Chris; Levin, A. A.; Levichkova, Marieta; Leo, Karl; Riede, Moritz

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.01.356

Cited by 86 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…2 for the asdeposited ZnPc thin film have a small intense Bragg's reflection peak positioned at 2 = 6.76 o , which shows that small percentage of the ZnPc molecules stand with their long molecular axis nearly perpendicular to the substrate. 29,30 Comparing this experimental XRD patterns, with the one obtained by C. Schunemann et al 31 we can infer that in the ZnPc thin film the ZnPc layers are all ordered in monoclinic phase or a triclinic phase. The crystals molecular orientation is along 100 (triclinic phase) or 200 (monoclinic phase) planes which is considered to have the lowest surface energy.…”

Section: B Growth Mechanism Of the Asdeposited Znpc Lb Thin Filmsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effect of annealing on the growth dynamics of ZnPc LB thin film and its surface morphology

2014

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The ZnPc molecules in the thin film prepared by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) process in asdeposited state has been found to have an edge on orientation with average tilt angle of 64.3 ° as confirmed from the Pressure-Area (π-A) isotherm and X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The ZnPc LB thin film has been observed to have abnormal growth mode at higher annealing temperature and it is mainly driven by minimization of surface free energy which lead to large increase in crystallinity of the film. Kinetically favored orientational and structural transitions of ZnPc thin film during annealing and their effect on the surface morphology of the thin film has been studied using scaling concepts. The scaling exponents 1) root mean square (RMS) roughness σ, 2) roughness exponent α and, 3) in plane correlation length ξ are calculated from the HDCF g(r) and ACF C(r). The RMS surface roughness σ is found to be dependent on the as defined short wavelength undulations (ρ) and long wavelength undulations (χ). Both ρ and χ are the function of all the three scaling exponents. σ has been observed to be maximum for the ZnPc thin film annealed at 290 °C, since the χ shoot to maximum value at this temperature due to the formation of small domains of ZnPc nanorods. The self affinity of the ZnPc thin film is found to decrease on annealing as obtained from both power spectral density (PSD) and HDCF g(R) & ACF C(R) study, which confirms that the dimension of surface morphology of the ZnPc LB thin film transform towards 2D with increase in annealing temperature.

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Section: B Growth Mechanism Of the Asdeposited Znpc Lb Thin Filmsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effect of annealing on the growth dynamics of ZnPc LB thin film and its surface morphology

2014

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“…In this region, model-free Kramers-Kronig consistency was confirmed. The numerically obtained rms values are in very good agreement with those from our own nc-AFM images [7] and those presented in [18]. Without considering the surface roughness, the fit is less suitable which results in slightly different optical constants, especially in the ultraviolet spectral region.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Optical Constants of α‐ and β‐Zinc(II)‐Phthalocyanine Films

Kozlik

Paulke

Gruenewald

et al. 2013

Dataset Papers in Science

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We present a dataset of the optical constants of -and -zinc(II)-phthalocyanine (ZnPc). They were determined accurately from transmission and differential reflectance spectra, with the surface roughness taken into account. For this purpose, thin films were prepared on quartz glass substrates via physical vapor deposition and characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy before as well as after a well-defined annealing process. Kramers-Kronig consistency of the optical constants obtained was checked by means of a numerical algorithm.

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“…For this purpose, ηc is assumed to be independent of λ, as wavelength independent internal quantum efficiencies have been experimentally demonstrated for both polymer and small molecule systems. [2,17] We exclude thin ZnPc layers up to a threshold thickness of xt = 11nm from the fitting routine due to layer roughness [18] and DA inter-diffusion [8,19] (details in SI.6b). For thicker absorber layers, we model the charge extraction to be spatially uniform, as no significant concentration of recombination centers is present in the bulk of the neat absorber.…”

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Exciton Diffusion Length and Charge Extraction Yield in Organic Bilayer Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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A method for resolving the diffusion length of excitons and the extraction yield of charge carriers is presented based on the performance of organic bilayer solar cells and careful modeling. The technique uses a simultaneous variation of the absorber thickness and the excitation wavelength. Rigorously differing solar cell structures as well as independent photoluminescence quenching measurements give consistent results.

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Zinc phthalocyanine — Influence of substrate temperature, film thickness, and kind of substrate on the morphology

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of annealing on the growth dynamics of ZnPc LB thin film and its surface morphology

Effect of annealing on the growth dynamics of ZnPc LB thin film and its surface morphology

Optical Constants of α‐ and β‐Zinc(II)‐Phthalocyanine Films

Exciton Diffusion Length and Charge Extraction Yield in Organic Bilayer Solar Cells

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