Zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C: Perspectives for COVID-19 With a Focus on Physical Tissue Barrier Integrity

Name, José João; Souza, Ana Carolina Remondi; Vasconcelos, Andréa Rodrigues; Prado, Pietra Sacramento; Pereira, Carolina Parga Martins

doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.606398

Cited by 81 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(271 reference statements)

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“…Similar conclusions have been also drawn in various recent reviews aimed at assessing the potential positive role of zinc in COVID-19 treatment ( Joachimiak, 2021 ; Celik et al, 2020; de Almeida Brasiel, 2020; Name et al, 2020 ; Pormohammad et al, 2021 ; Rahman and Idi, 2020). In another recent review on the role of nutritional supplements as potential therapeutic adjuvants in COVID-19, Costagliola et al (2021) concluded that the supplementation of vitamin D, probiotics, lactoferrin and zinc, might be useful as an adjuvant treatment in COVID-19, as well as in the prevention of viral spreading.…”

Section: Essential Trace Elements and Covid-19supporting

confidence: 77%

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

Domingo

Marquès

2021

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Thousands of studies have been conducted in order to understand in depth the characteristics of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, its infectivity and ways of transmission, and very especially everything related to the clinical and severity of the COVID-19, as well as the potential treatments. In this sense, the role that essential and toxic metals/metalloids have in the development and course of this disease is being studied. Metals/metalloids such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury or vanadium, are elements with known toxic effects in mammals, while trace elements such as cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc are considered essential. Given the importance of metals/metalloids in nutrition and human health, the present review was aimed at assessing the relationship between various essential and toxic metals/metalloids and the health outcomes related with the COVID-19. We are in the position to conclude that particular attention must be paid to the load/levels of essential trace elements in COVID-19 patients, mainly zinc and selenium. On the other hand, the exposure to air pollutants in general, and toxic metal/metalloids in particular, should be avoided as much as possible to reduce the possibilities of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Essential Trace Elements and Covid-19supporting

confidence: 77%

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

Domingo

Marquès

2021

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…[177][178][179] Many individuals globally consume zinc tablets, vitamin C, and B because of immune booster effects and combating COVID-19 and its antiviral. 180,181 However, a recent pre-print United States-based retrospective analysis utilizing electronic medical records found that patients treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin with the addition of zinc sulfate had a higher recovery rate. 182 Interestingly, additional input of zinc sulfate was claimed to be associated with lower mortality rate, need for hospice care, and less invasive ventilation requirements.…”

Section: Evidence Of Zinc's Effectivity On Covid-19 Toxicity and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Zinc Therapy in Combating the COVID-19 Global Pandemic

Samad¹,

Sodunke²,

Abubakar³

et al. 2021

JIR

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The global pandemic from COVID-19 infection has generated significant public health concerns, both health-wise and economically. There is no specific pharmacological antiviral therapeutic option to date available for COVID-19 management. Also, there is an urgent need to discover effective medicines, prevention, and control methods because of the harsh death toll from this novel coronavirus infection. Acute respiratory tract infections, significantly lower respiratory tract infections, and pneumonia are the primary cause of millions of deaths worldwide. The role of micronutrients, including trace elements, boosted the human immune system and was well established. Several vitamins such as vitamin A, B6, B12, C, D, E, and folate; microelement including zinc, iron, selenium, magnesium, and copper; omega-3 fatty acids as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid plays essential physiological roles in promoting the immune system. Furthermore, zinc is an indispensable microelement essential for a thorough enzymatic physiological process. It also helps regulate gene-transcription such as DNA replication, RNA transcription, cell division, and cell activation in the human biological system. Subsequently, zinc, together with natural scavenger cells and neutrophils, are also involved in developing cells responsible for regulating nonspecific immunity. The modern food habit often promotes zinc deficiency; as such, quite a few COVID-19 patients presented to hospitals were frequently diagnosed as zinc deficient. Earlier studies documented that zinc deficiency predisposes patients to a viral infection such as herpes simplex, common cold, hepatitis C, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1), the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of reducing antiviral immunity. This manuscript aimed to discuss the various roles played by zinc in the management of COVID-19 infection.

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“…Several reports have highlighted the potential role of nutrients in the modulation of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 or a direct anti-viral and/or anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties[ 50 - 53 ]. During this pandemic, nutritional aspects such as obesity[ 7 , 54 ], malnutrition[ 55 ], and micronutrient deficiency[ 56 , 57 ] have been postulated as risk factors for severe COVID-19. Nevertheless, the composition of the human microbiota is influenced by many factors, including dietary components[ 41 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease–2019 and the intestinal tract: An overview

Alberca

Solis-Castro

et al. 2021

WJG

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can progress to a severe respiratory and systemic disease named coronavirus disease–2019 (COVID-19). The most common symptoms are fever and respiratory discomfort. Nevertheless, gastrointestinal infections have been reported, with symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and lack of appetite. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 can remain positive in fecal samples after nasopharyngeal clearance. After gastrointestinal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other viral gastrointestinal infections, some patients may develop alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota. In addition, some COVID-19 patients may receive antibiotics, which may also disturb gastrointestinal homeostasis. In summary, the gastrointestinal system, gut microbiome, and gut-lung axis may represent an important role in the development, severity, and treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we explore the current pieces of evidence of COVID-19 gastrointestinal manifestations, possible implications, and interventions.

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Zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C: Perspectives for COVID-19 With a Focus on Physical Tissue Barrier Integrity

Cited by 81 publications

References 192 publications

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

The Implications of Zinc Therapy in Combating the COVID-19 Global Pandemic

Coronavirus disease–2019 and the intestinal tract: An overview

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