Zirconium phosphate based proton conducting membrane for DMFC application

Pandey, Jay; Seepana, Murali Mohan; Shukla, Anupam

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.05.117

Cited by 50 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes using inorganic additives were prepared with a view of combining the properties of inorganic ion exchanger (high thermal stability, and excellent water holding capacity at higher temperatures) and organic support (chemically stability and high mechanical strength). Impregnation of porous polymeric film of PVDF is the method used by Pandey et al [130,131] to synthesize PVDF/silica and PVDF/Zirconium phosphate (ZrP). Single cell DMFC tests were carried out to study the DMFC performance for the synthesized membrane.…”

Section: Other Composite Non-fluorinated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

et al. 2020

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Nafion membranes are still the dominating material used in the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technologies. They are widely used in several applications thanks to their excellent properties: high proton conductivity and high chemical stability in both oxidation and reduction environment. However, they have several technical challenges: reactants permeability, which results in reduced performance, dependence on water content to perform preventing the operation at higher temperatures or low humidity levels, and chemical degradation. This paper reviews novel composite membranes that have been developed for PEM applications, including direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), hydrogen PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), and water electrolysers (PEMWEs), aiming at overcoming the drawbacks of the commercial Nafion membranes. It provides a broad overview of the Nafion-based membranes, with organic and inorganic fillers, and non-fluorinated membranes available in the literature for which various main properties (proton conductivity, crossover, maximum power density, and thermal stability) are reported. The studies on composite membranes demonstrate that they are suitable for PEM applications and can potentially compete with Nafion membranes in terms of performance and lifetime.

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Section: Other Composite Non-fluorinated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

et al. 2020

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“…Subsequently, the incorporation of inorganic nanofiller inside the substrate's pore in order to increase the proton conductivity of pore-filled electrolyte membranes was given attention by Pandey et al [62]. In their work, they used zirconium phosphate (ZrP) as an inorganic filler for poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PvdF) substrate.…”

Section: Pore-filling Electrolyte Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application: Perspective on Morphological Structure

et al. 2020

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Membrane morphology plays a great role in determining the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs), especially for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Membrane morphology can be divided into two types, which are dense and porous structures. Membrane fabrication methods have different configurations, including dense, thin and thick, layered, sandwiched and pore-filling membranes. All these types of membranes possess the same densely packed structural morphology, which limits the transportation of protons, even at a low methanol crossover. This paper summarizes our work on the development of PEMs with various structures and architecture that can affect the membrane’s performance, in terms of microstructures and morphologies, for potential applications in DMFCs. An understanding of the transport behavior of protons and methanol within the pores’ limits could give some perspective in the delivery of new porous electrolyte membranes for DMFC applications.

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“…Subsequently, they took tentative steps and added zirconium phosphate (ZrP) with an average size of about 11 nm into Pt-Nafion via in-situ exposure to ZrOCl 2 solution [62]. ZrP is a proton conductive (10 mS cm −1 at room temperature [62]), hydrophilic material that has shown promising features for the mechanical and thermal stability improvement of composite membranes as well [63]. The Pt-ZrP/Nafion self-humidifying membrane exhibited greater cell performance in comparison with Pt-Nafion at 80 • C in dry conditions, albeit slightly lower proton conductivity, which is due to the intrinsically lower proton conductivity of ZrP [62].…”

Section: Self-humidifying Pems Incorporated With Highly Proton-conductive Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Humidifying Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications: Advances and Challenges

2020

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Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) provide efficient and carbon-free power by converting the hydrogen chemical energy. The PEFCs can reach their greatest performance in humidified condition, as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) should be humidified for their proton transportation function. Thus, external humidifiers are commonly employed to increase the water content of reactants. However, being burdened with external humidifiers can make the control of PEFCs complicated and costly, in particular for transportation application. To overcome this issue, self-humidifying PEMs have been introduced, with which PEFC can be fed by dry reactants. In fact, internal humidification is accomplished by produced water from the recombination of permeated hydrogen and oxygen gases on the incorporated platinum catalysts within the PEM. While the water production agent remains constant, there is a broad range of additives that are utilized to retain the generated water and facilitate the proton conduction path in the PEM. This review paper has classified the aforementioned additives in three categories: inorganic materials, proton-conductive materials, and carbon-based additives. Moreover, synthesis methods, preparation procedures, and characterization tests are overviewed. Eventually, self-humidifying PEMs endowed with platinum and different additives are compared from performance and stability perspectives, such as water uptake, proton conductivity, fuel cell performance, gas cross-over, and the overall durability. In addition, their challenges and possible solutions are reviewed. Considering the concerns regarding the long-term durability of such PEMs, it seems that further investigations can be beneficial to confirm their reliability for prolonged PEFC operation.

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Zirconium phosphate based proton conducting membrane for DMFC application

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application: Perspective on Morphological Structure

Self-Humidifying Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications: Advances and Challenges

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