Zn(II) and Cu(II) tetrakis(diarylamine)phthalocyanines as hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

Phthalocyanine in perovskite solar cells: a review

“…In a recent study by the same group, efficiencies of around 20% were reported by the same team, using a newly synthesized HTM from the same family named Zn-BL54 ( 52 ) with tetra-substituted Pc ring, and double or triple cation perovskite materials as the light-absorbing film in the device. 111 The achieved efficiencies were comparable with that of the reference devices using spiro-OMeTAD, while offering considerably higher long-term stability for the non-encapsulated devices. In 2017, Calio and coworkers altered the diphenyl groups attached to the phenoxy by tert -octyl, and developed two new Pc materials substituted by 4- tert -octylphenol groups, with Cu( ii ) and Zn( ii ) as the metal center, which were denoted as ( t OctPhO) 8 CuPc ( 53 ) and ( t OctPhO) 8 ZnPc ( 54 ), respectively.…”

Fluorinated- and non-fluorinated-diarylamine-Zn(ii) and Cu(ii) phthalocyanines as symmetrical vs. asymmetrical hole selective materials

“…This is per similar behavior of Voc variation from Zn and Cu-based MPcs irrespective of their LUMO state position. 33 Arguably, our finding suggests that the PCE not only depends on the symmetrical nature of the side chain of the MPc but also the metal species attached to it. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of the symmetrical (Figure 6e) and asymmetrical (Figure 6f Although all MPcs have B-band absorption in a lower wavelength region below 400nm, the aforementioned effect cannot be seen for high-energy photons since the perovskite layer has a higher absorption coefficient at a shorter wavelength.…”

Interface tweaking of perovskite solar cells with carbon nitride-based 2D materials

“…The integrated photocurrent densities collected from the external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra (Figure 5c) were 21.44, 21.86, and 22.28 mAcm -2 for NiOx, NiOx/g-C3N4, and NiOx/L-C3N4, respectively, agree with the J-V curves. The enhancement of EQE observed in the region of 400-500 nm in the devices with L-C3N4 and g-C3N4 could be attributed to the improved grain size of perovskite, owing to the higher absorption due to a higher absorption coefficient of the perovskite at shorter wavelength 41 . The steady-state power output (SPO, Figure 5d) stabilized at 19.08% of PCE (with 22.48 mAcm -2 at 0.85V) upon L-C3N4 whereas, for g-C3N4, those were at approximately 18.39% and 21.92 mAcm -2 at 0.84V under ambient conditions (~40-60 % RH at 28 ºC).…”