Magnesium borate (MB) is a technical ceramic exhibiting high heat resistance, corrosion resistance, great mechanical strength, great insulation properties, lightweightness, high strength, and a high coefficient of elasticity. Zinc borate (ZB) can be used as a multifunctional synergistic additive in addition to flame retardant additives in polymers. In this study, the raw materials of zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) were used in the mole ratio of 1 : 1 : 9, which was obtained from preexperiments. Using the starting materials, hydrothermal synthesis was applied, and characterisation of the products was performed using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopies. The forms of Zn 3 B 6 O 12 ⋅3.5H 2 O, MgO(B 2 O 3 ) 3 ⋅7(H 2 O), and Mg 2 (B 6 O 7 (OH) 6 ) 2 ⋅9(H 2 O) were synthesised successfully. Moreover, the surface morphology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the B 2 O 3 content was determined. In addition, the reaction yields were calculated. The results of the B 2 O 3 content analysis were in compliance with the literature values. Examination of the SEM images indicated that the obtained nanoscale minerals had a reaction efficiency ranging between 63-74% for MB and 87-98% for ZB. Finally, the fire-retarding properties of the synthesised pure MBs, pure ZBs, and mixtures of MB and ZB were determined using differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetry (DTA-TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).