Zur Entwicklung einer Prüfstrategie auf sexual-endokrine Wirksamkeit einer chemischen Substanz bei Fischen

Schäfers, Christoph; Frische, Tobias; Stolzenberg, Hans-Christian; Weyers, Arnd; Zok, Sabine; Knacker, Th.

doi:10.1007/s12302-008-0014-4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Despite the fact that no field test method has been developed specifically for drugs, impressive numbers of studies deal with structural and functional endpoints in the field, primarily with veterinary pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics and parasiticides (see, e.g., Madsen et al 1990; Lumaret and Errouissi 2002). Based on these experiences, the decomposition of organic matter (i.e., dung) is a very promising endpoint for assessing the impact of parasiticides on ecosystem function (Svendsen et al 2003). The assessment of changes of the community of soil or dung organisms using, for example, dominance spectra or the number of species is probably an even more sensitive endpoint.…”

Section: Improved Test Methods For Assessing the Effects Of Pharmaceumentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations on the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals: Effect characterization

Schmitt¹,

Boucard²,

Garric³

et al. 2010

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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The effects testing of pharmaceuticals consists of a tiered investigation of ecotoxicological endpoints. However, effects testing has to be performed only when the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of pharmaceuticals are above certain action limits. To study the appropriateness of these action limits, a literature search was performed for pharmaceuticals with predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) close to or below the action limits. Some human pharmaceuticals showed effects at concentrations ≤100 ng/L, mostly in nonstandard fish or invertebrate tests. In addition, antibiotics and parasiticides sometimes had effects at concentrations <10 mg/kg soil. To help in identifying pharmaceuticals that should undergo effects testing although their PECs are below the action limits, "however clauses" are postulated for pharmaceuticals that are potentially persistent, bioaccumulative, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reproductively toxic. Effects testing should also be performed for pharmaceuticals that 1) affect target structures that are conserved across species, 2) have a high potency or a small therapeutic margin, 3) are from a new therapeutic class, and 4) are structurally similar to compounds with known effects. Furthermore, suggestions for improving the effects testing of pharmaceuticals are made. These include inter alia chronic effects testing as a general approach, the use of invertebrate tests including sexual reproduction, the application of endpoints reflecting the mode of action of the drug or known side effects, and the simulation of more realistic exposure conditions in terrestrial laboratory tests.

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Section: Improved Test Methods For Assessing the Effects Of Pharmaceumentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations on the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals: Effect characterization

Schmitt¹,

Boucard²,

Garric³

et al. 2010

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proposed testing strategy for SEDCs in fish is based on data compiled in Table 2 and the outcome of a workshop held at Berlin, Germany, on 10 and 11 December, 2007 (Schäfers et al 2008). The conceptual background as provided by Huet (2000) and more general considerations on screening assays and definitive tests as published by Hutchinson et al (2006) are essentials of the proposed testing strategy.…”

Section: Proposal For a Testing Strategy: Regulatory Use Of Oecd Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive and Convenient Detection of microRNAs Based on Cascade Amplification by Catalytic DNAzymes

Tian

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2012

Chemistry A European J

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On target: We have developed two cascade amplification strategies that combine duplex specific nuclease (DSN) amplicon with either G-quadruplex-based DNA peroxidase or 8-17 DNAzyme amplicon for miRNA detection. In this way, sensitive and convenient detection of miRNAs was achieved. In the DNA peroxidase-based system, a visual color change could be observed in the presence of target miRNAs (see scheme).

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Environmental effect assessment for sexual endocrine‐disrupting chemicals: Fish testing strategy

Knacker

Boettcher

Frische

et al. 2010

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Current standard testing and assessment tools are not designed to identify specific and biologically highly sensitive modes of action of chemicals, such as endocrine disruption. This information, however, can be important to define the relevant endpoints for an assessment and to characterize thresholds of their sublethal, population-relevant effects. Starting a decade ago, compound-specific risk assessment procedures were amended by specifically addressing endocrine-disrupting properties of substances. In 2002, the Conceptual Framework, agreed upon by OECD's Task Force on Endocrine Disrupters Testing and Assessment, did not propose specific testing strategies, and appropriate testing methods had not yet been developed and approved. In the meantime, the OECD Test Guidelines Programme has undertaken important steps to revise established and to develop new test methods, which can be used to identify and quantify effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. For fish testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the first Test Guidelines have recently been adopted by the OECD and validation of further test systems is under progress. Based on these test systems and the experience gained during their validation procedures, we propose a 3-step fish testing strategy: 1) Weight-of-evidence approach for identifying potential sexual endocrine-disrupting chemicals; even after advanced specification of systematic criteria, this step of establishing initial suspicion will still require expert judgment; 2) in vivo evaluation of sexual endocrine-disrupting activity in fish by applying in vivo fish screening assays; sufficient data are available to diagnose the aromatase-inhibition and estrogen-receptor agonist mechanisms of action by indicative endpoints (biomarkers), whereas the ability of the respective biomarkers in the screening assay to identify the estrogen-receptor antagonists and androgen-receptor agonists and antagonists requires further validation; 3) characterization of sexual endocrine-mediated adverse effects including threshold concentrations; in cases when the most sensitive population-relevant endpoints and the most sensitive time window for exposure are known for the mechanisms of action, the fish full life-cycle or 2-generation test, which are the normal definitive tests, might be abbreviated to, e.g., the fish sexual development test. In the European Union, the measurement of indicative endpoints in the definitive test might be crucial for the authorization procedure under REACH and plant-protection products. The results of the definitive tests can be used in existing schemes of compound-specific environmental risk assessments.

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Zur Entwicklung einer Prüfstrategie auf sexual-endokrine Wirksamkeit einer chemischen Substanz bei Fischen

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Recommendations on the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals: Effect characterization

Recommendations on the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals: Effect characterization

Sensitive and Convenient Detection of microRNAs Based on Cascade Amplification by Catalytic DNAzymes

Environmental effect assessment for sexual endocrine‐disrupting chemicals: Fish testing strategy

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