Економіко-Правові Засади Забезпечення Захисту Критичної Інфраструктури

Abstract

In the context of active reform of the economy of Ukraine, the issue of identification and economic and legal support for the protection of critical infrastructure in the national economy is relevant and needs further study. The existing approaches to the definition of the terms «critical infrastructure» and «critical infrastructure objects» in the scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists and in the regulatory documents of Ukraine and other countries are summarized. Gaps in the laws and bylaws of Ukraine on the identification and protection of critical infrastructure have been identified. The classification of critical infrastructure objects according to certain classification features is offered. The dynamics of emergencies on the territory of Ukraine for the period 2015—2019 and their consequences for the functioning of critical infrastructure are analyzed. There is a tendency to increase the number of emergencies due to natural phenomena and increase the damage caused by these emergencies. It was found that the greatest damage in the last 10 years was caused in 2020 by a medical and biological emergency, namely the pandemic caused by the coronavirus COVID-19. The author’s vision of conceptual provisions on critical infrastructure protection is offered. The main directions of improvement of the state policy on protection of critical infrastructure are substantiated, among which the most priority ones are singled out: complex improvement of the normative-legal base on the issues of ensuring the safety of critical infrastructure; creation of a system of state management of critical infrastructure safety; development of criteria for identification of critical infrastructure objects and compilation of inventory of these objects; establishing a partnership between the government and infrastructure operators on the principles of cooperation, trust and shared responsibility; development of public-private partnership in the field of security of critical infrastructure and prevention of emergencies; development of international cooperation in the field of critical infrastructure protection.

Theoretical and Methodological Bases of Ensuring the System of Protection of Critical Infrastructure of the State

“…Вітчизняні учені захист критичної інфраструктури визначають як «комплекс заходів, реалізований у нормативно-правових, організаційних, технологічних інструментах, спрямованих на забезпечення безпеки та стійкості критичної інфраструктури [9]. Цю позицію відстоює у своїх працях і С. С. Теленик [13].…”