Activated water - such water, in which the structural network of hydrogen bonds loosens, water molecules acquire additional degrees of freedom, which facilitates the assimilation of such activated water by the cells of living organisms and accelerates the removal of biological slags. The essence of water activation is the destruction of cluster structures to saturate water with monomolecules. The cluster of activated water contains 5-6 molecules (ordinary water 13-16 molecules). Such water is considered more active in terms of biophysical and biological indicators. Water, activated in any way, has a high fluidity (has a low surface tension) and a dissolving power. Water with micronized clusters has higher reactive properties, better penetrates through biological membranes, is quickly excreted from the body. Effectively replaces and supplements all kinds of cleansing food supplements and physiotherapeutic procedures. Used for complex purification of the body: neutralization and excretion of slags, toxins, carcinogens and radionuclides. The paper considers experimental data on the determination of the total antioxidant activity of water systems saturated with hydrogen using the coulometric method of analysis, with the water having the highest increase in activity up to 20 times. We studied the functional drink “Arkhyz + Antioxidant = Zhivitsa”, all the ingredients that make up it have a natural origin. Saturation of the drink with hydrogen leads to an insignificant increase in the total antioxidant activity (by 16.5% rel.). The presence of active organic compounds in water leads to a decrease in the effect of hydrogen on the total antioxidant activity, probably due to a change in the structure of its aggregates consisting of a different number of molecules.

Aquaculture products provide about 58% of the total production of aquatic ecosystems. The global trend of population growth, increasing the press on the environment, the requirements for improving the quality of life and consuming products make the trend of growth in aquaculture products sustainable both in the world and in Russia. The role of abiotic environmental factors in the life of fish is enormous. Thus, the water temperature determines the intensity of metabolism and is a natural stimulus determining the onset of spawning migration of fish. The water temperature has a very important effect on the vital activity of the organism, in particular, on metabolic processes, on the behavior and distribution of organisms. Since the beginning of the 20th century, aquaculture has been closely linked to the development of energy. At the first stage - with hydropower, and then with thermal power. If the use of water reservoirs - hydropower facilities is based on extensive technologies that are related to pasture aquaculture, aquaculture farms - live fish farms - highly intensive industrial farms. These areas of aquaculture development coexist and complement each other. Modern pasture fish farming today is not possible without the release of valuable species of fish to form a species composition of ichthyocenoses. At the same time, the development of highly industrial commodity farms implies the use as a brood of individuals of valuable species of fish seized from the natural environment to improve the genetic characteristics of juveniles. At the present time, there is an increase in the range of fish grown due to the use of warm waste waters of energy facilities.

The development of hydropower and the creation of reservoirs of the Volga cascade had an impact on the state of populations of sturgeon species of fish, while creating incentives for improving the biotechnology of their reproduction and cultivation. This period is characterized by the desire and technical and technological capabilities to restore the number of sterlet in the Kuibyshev reservoir. Release of sterlet can be conducted not only in the vicinity of potential spawning grounds, but also in the feeding areas. Taking into account the possibilities of long-term development of the Kuibyshev reservoir with the directed formation of ichthyofauna and planning of sterlet catches in the volume of 480 tons, annual releases of juveniles with a mass of 3 g in the amount of 57 million pieces are required. The analysis shows the need to organize significant production of sterlet juveniles for stocking the Kuibyshev Reservoir.

Changes in the Volga River and its fish population are considered in the historical aspect. The importance of studies of sterlet in the composition of ichthyofauna in the period before the regulation of the river and after the creation of a cascade of reservoirs is shown. The ideas of ichthyologists of the early and late 20th century on the reproduction of sterlet are presented. Data on the decrease in catches of sterlet and its inclusion in the Red Data Books is presented. It is noted that for a long period the main task of sterlet reproduction was considered to be — release into natural reservoirs to replenish the local fish stock. The required amount of young sterlet for the annual release into the Kuibyshev reservoir for the task of removing sterlet from the Red Data Book was determined — 8.6 million. For the task of forming its livestock in accordance with the plan for reorganizing the “Big Volga” and increasing its catches to the planned values in catches in the reservoir, an annual release of 57 million pieces is required. The need is shown at the present stage of development of biotechnology for growing and reproducing sterlet in the structure of tasks to bring the commercial reproduction of sterlet and its hybrids to the first place in terms of volumes. This will provide people with healthy food and enhance the country’s food security. Dividing the reproduction of sterlet into separate tasks will also make it possible to involve in this process numerous farmers who are ready to raise sturgeon fish, but who do not have sufficient training to select fish in accordance with their genotypic characteristics. Expansion of commercial production will potentially relieve some of the load on natural aquatic ecosystems and optimize the release of juveniles.

The quality of water and fodder components in conditions of industrially developed regions with a high degree of anthropogenic pressure on the territory become especially significant factors. The increasing demand for hydrobionts as a source of food continues to grow annually. This fact is connected not only with the increase in population, but also with the fact that preference is increasingly given to healthy food. To improve the rates of growing aquaculture and expand its species diversity, it is necessary to increase the production of feed, expand their range and develop new technologies for obtaining highly effective feed additives. A feed additive for fish feeds based on secondary raw beekeeping materials is characterized by a complex chemical composition and is a universal source of natural biologically active complexes. The practical absence of heavy metals, radionuclides, pesticides and other harmful substances in the feed additive based on bee products does not pollute the aquaculture of water bodies, and its properties due to a unique composition contribute to the accelerated elimination of toxic substances from the body of fish. The combination of ecological approaches and the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of aquaculture facilities allows to solve such key tasks of social development as ensuring food security and maintaining public health.