Аннотация. Исследование половых особенностей корреляций между антропометрическими показателями и компонентным составом тела абитуриентов военных вузов позволяет обеспечить их более эффективную адаптацию к образовательному процессу.Цель исследования -выявить ассоциированные и не зависящие от пола корреляционные связи между параметрами физического развития юношей и девушек -абитуриентов военной образовательной организации.Материал и методы. Обследовано 377 юношей и 213 девушек в возрасте 17 лет, проживающих в центральной части России. Все абитуриенты проходили обследование специалистов в составе медицинских комиссий военных комиссариатов и признаны практически здоровыми. Проанализированы антропометрические данные: длина тела, масса тела, длина туловища, конечностей, обхватные размеры туловища и конечностей. В работе использован непараметрический коэффициент корреляции Кендала.Результаты. Абитуриенты военного вуза характеризуются гармоничным развитием мускулатуры, соответствующим нормам физических нагрузок. Абитуриенты мужского пола обладают более симметричным развитием мускулатуры верхних конечностей, количество жировой ткани у них в большей степени ассоциировано с энергетическими потребностями. У девушек важным параметром является дистальный диаметр предплечья, коррелирующий с энергетическим обменом, индексом массы тела, развитием мускулатуры конечностей, количеством висцерального жира и выраженностью подкожножировой клетчатки.Заключение. Таким образом, выявленные при помощи корреляционного анализа половые особенности могут способствовать разработке методических рекомендаций по отбору курсантов в период военно-врачебной комиссии и индивидуализации их подготовки.Ключевые слова: антропометрия, компонентный состав тела, абитуриенты, половые особенности, корреляция Кендала Конфликт интересов: авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Military personnel are trained in conditions of intense physical activity. In the works of a number of authors, the presence of various kinds of deviations from normal physical development among students of civilian universities is noted. Persons with malnutrition, obesity of II-III degree are recognized by specialists of military medical commissions at the place of conscription of applicants for military universities as unfit for admission. The purpose of the study: to study the anthropometric parameters, body composition and physical development of male military universities applicants. The study involved 280 young men at the age of 17, permanently residing in the central area of Russia. Anthropometric data of body length, weight, torso length, limbs, torso girth dimensions were analyzed, Quetelet indices (body mass index), Pirquet (body proportionality index), Pigne (body strength index) were determined. With the help of indices and measurements of the component composition of the body, the characteristic of physical development was determined. As a result of the study, a sufficient variability of anthropometric indicators and body composition in the studied male applicants was revealed, which is due to heredity data and the influence of different living conditions before entering a military university. The values ​​of body length, chest circumference, body surface area were greater in urban applicants, body weight prevailed in rural boys. The Quetelet index corresponded to the norm in most of the studied, however, cases of moderate obesity were found in rural applicants. The Pirque index indicated a proportional physique in most applicants. According to the Pignet index, most of the rural and urban boys had a strong physique. The data of the component composition of the body (the level of fat, muscle and bone mass) confirmed the revealed indicators of the physical development of young men. Significant differences in physical development according to anthropometry and body composition data between youth applicants from urban and rural areas were not identified. The data obtained can be used as a regulatory framework for assessing the quality of the general health of those entering military universities and developing recommendations for the selection of cadets.

There are no data in the scientific literature on the study and assessment of body parameters and physical development of female applicants to military educational organizations. Objective: to study anthropometric, functional indices, body composition and the main indices of physical development of female applicants to a military educational organization. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 257 practically healthy girls aged 17 years who passed a medical commission in the military commissariats at the place of conscription. Anthropometric research was carried out according to the classical method, taking into account the recommendations of D.B. Nikityuk (2013) using a standard set of anthropometric tools. Results. With the help of anthropometric indices, morphological and functional indicators, body composition and centile assessment of the normal range a characteristic of physical development was given. A wide variability of anthropometric, functional indicators and body composition in the studied girls-entrants was revealed. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the preparation of regulatory documents for the selection of females in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as standards for the physical development of adolescent girls.

Being one of the aspects of the morphological constitution, the component composition of the body reflects the state of metabolic processes in the body and can serve as a kind of predictor of the development of various pathological conditions. One of the most accessible for researchers and widespread methods is the determination of body mass index, which ensures the comparability of the results obtained by different authors. The aim of our study was to systematize and compare the literature data of domestic and foreign authors on body mass index in young patients. The materials for the study were original articles and review papers published in the scientometric databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and eLibrary over the past 20 years. It is shown that the interest of the scientific community in body composition research has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Each successive year the total number of publications on body composition increases by an average of 24% relative to the previous year. According to our analysis of the results of a survey of medical students in Russia, body mass index is associated with the degree of urbanization and has geographical features: an increase in the proportion of students with a low body mass index was noted as the population of the city grew and it shifted in the direction from the eastern regions of the Russian Federation to the western. The proportion of students with a normal BMI decreases as the population of the city in which the medical school is located grows.