Ðåãóëÿòîð ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ ïîâîðîòîì áûñò-ðîõîäíîé ãóñåíè÷íîé ìàøèíû ñ èíäèâèäóàëüíûì ïðèâîäîì âåäóùèõ êîëåñ 25 Èçâåñòèÿ ÌÃÒÓ «ÌÀÌÈ», ¹ 4(42), 2019 Ðèñ. 2. Ðåçóëüòàòû ïåðâîãî âû÷èñëèòåëüíîãî ýêñïåðèìåíòàÃîðåëîâ Â.À., Êîñèöûí Á.Á., Ìèðîøíè÷åíêî À.Â., Ñòàäóõèí À.À. 26Èçâåñòèÿ ÌÃÒÓ «ÌÀÌÈ», ¹ 4(42), 2019 Ðèñ. 3. Ðåçóëüòàòû âòîðîãî âû÷èñëèòåëüíîãî ýêñïåðèìåíòàÐåãóëÿòîð ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ ïîâîðîòîì áûñò-ðîõîäíîé ãóñåíè÷íîé ìàøèíû ñ èíäèâèäóàëüíûì ïðèâîäîì âåäóùèõ êîëåñ

In this paper, authors propose a method for determining the mechanical characteristics of traction electric motors and parameters of an electromechanical transmission of an industrial tractor. To ensure maximum machine performance, the developed transmission has two mechanical ranges: transport and technological. A feature of the presented scheme is the inclusion of a «ZK» type rotation mechanism (developed by the staff of Bauman MSTU G. Zaichik, M. Kreines and M. Kristi) in its composition. This mechanism is characterized by high traction in turning. The layout of industrial tractors involves placing the transmission in a cramped space inside the frame. In this regard, when developing the unit, it was required to implement its most compact design. This was achieved by using the same planetary gears to form the «ZK» rotation mechanism and for the reduced «technological» transmission range. As part of the study, traction capabilities of the tractor in each range were evaluated. In addition, an analysis was made of the influence of the design parameter of the planetary gears of the «ZK» mechanism on the operational characteristics of the machine. Depending on the design parameter, the required torques and rotational speeds of the traction electric motor rotors were obtained to ensure a given driving mode in a turn, and the time to complete a full rotation of the machine around the center of mass and the stopped side in the «transport» and «technological» transmission ranges was determined. In conclusion, an assessment was made of the influence of tractor transmission parameters on the maximum speed of maneuvers, which made it possible to determine the required power of electric machines taking into account the comfortable work of the driver-operator.

The bus is one of the most popular types of the road public transport and is much less dependent on the external infrastructure than the tram or the trolleybus. However, buses with conventional powertrains are the active sources of the environment pollution. Buses with hybrid powertrain are known to combine the independence of the motorbuses with a conventional internal combustion engine, a considerable reduction in the environmental pollution and the capability of the braking energy recuperation. This explains the increasing interest to the problems of their construction and development of effective control laws for their units and subsystems. Nowadays, these problems are solved by means of the mathematical simulation of the vehicle operation.

No abstract

Îäíèì èç ñåðüåçíûõ íåäîñòàòêîâ ýëåêòðîìåõàíè÷åñêèõ òðàíñìèññèé, ñäåðaeèâàþùèé èõ øèðîêîå ïðèìåíåíèå íà ãóñåíè÷íûõ ìàøèíàõ, ÿâëÿåòñÿ áîëüøîé âåñ ýëåêòðîäâèãàòåëåé è íàêîïèòåëåé ýíåðãèè.  ñòàòüå ïðèâîäèòñÿ ñõåìà òðåõïîòî÷íîé òðàíñìèññèè ñ ìèíèìàëüíûì êîëè÷åñòâîì ýëåêòðîìàøèí, íåîáõîäèìûì äëÿ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ áåññòóïåí÷àòîãî ðàçãîíà è ïîâîðîòà è ñ îáÿçàòåëüíûì ïðèìåíåíèåì äâèãàòåëÿ âíóòðåííåãî ñãîðàíèÿ è ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî íàêîïèòåëÿ. Óìåíüøåíèå ÷èñëà ýëåêòðîìàøèí äîñòèãàåòñÿ çà ñ÷åò èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ îäíèõ è òåõ aeå ìàøèí â êà÷åñòâå òÿãîâûõ ýëåêòðîäâèãàòåëåé è ãåíåðàòîðîâ â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ðåaeèìà ðàáîòû. Ïðè ýòîì ïîäðàçóìåâàåòñÿ, ÷òî ïðè äâèaeåíèè ñî ñêîðîñòÿìè íèaeå ñðåäíåé, ýëåêòðîìàøèíû äîëaeíû ðàáîòàòü â êà÷åñòâå ãåíåðàòîðà, âûøå ñðåäíåé-â êà÷åñòâå òÿãîâîãî ýëåêòðîäâèãàòåëÿ. Òðàíñìèññèÿ ïîçâîëÿåò äâèaeåíèå áåç èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ìàøèí, íî ñ ïîíèaeåííûìè ýêñïëóàòàöèîííûìè êà÷åñòâàìè.  ñòàòüå ðàññìîòðåíû ïÿòü ðåaeèìîâ ðàáîòû òðàíñìèññèè, îïðåäåëåíû óäåëüíûå òÿãîâûå è ìîùíîñòíûå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè äëÿ ýòèõ ðåaeèìîâ. Ó÷òåíû îñîáåííîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ êðàòêîâðåìåííûõ è äëèòåëüíûõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ìàøèí â äâèãàòåëüíîì ðåaeèìå. Îáîñíîâàíî ïðèìåíåíèå äâèãàòåëÿ âíóòðåííåãî ñãîðàíèÿ íå òîëüêî â íîìèíàëüíîì ðåaeèìå, íî è â ðåaeèìå ìàêñèìàëüíîé ìîùíîñòè. Ïðèâåäåíà è îáîñíîâàíà ìåòîäèêà âûáîðà ïåðåäàòî÷íûõ ÷èñåë òðàíñìèññèè, õàðàêòåðèñòèê äâèãàòåëÿ âíóòðåííåãî ñãîðàíèÿ è ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ìàøèí. Âûïîëíåí ðàñ÷åò äëÿ ãóñåíè÷íîãî òðàíñïîðòåðà ñâåðõëåãêîé ìàññîâîé êàòåãîðèè. Ïðèâåäåíî îïèñàíèå ðåaeèìîâ ðåêóïåðàòèâíîãî òîðìîaeåíèÿ äîñòóïíûõ òðàíñìèññèé, à òàêaeå îïèñàíèå ðåaeèìà çàðÿäêè íàêîïèòåëÿ ïðè ñòîÿíêå. Îáîçíà÷åíû íàó÷íûå ïðîáëåìû îöåíêè ýôôåêòèâíîñòè òðàíñìèññèè, íåîáõîäèìîñòè èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïîâîðîòà ãóñåíè÷íîé ìàøèíû, â êîòîðóþ îíà óñòàíîâëåíà, ðàçðàáîòêè àëãîðèòìîâ âåðõíåãî óðîâíÿ äëÿ åå óïðàâëåíèÿ.