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De acuerdo con los resultados de la investigación realizada para este trabajo la ingeniería en Colombia está encrisis. El proceso consistió de una revisión a la literatura acerca de esta cuestión y de un análisis a la informaciónpresentada. De acuerdo con los resultados del análisis a los 23 trabajos de la muestra final, una de las mayores causaspara esta crisis es que existe una inadecuada interpretación del concepto de ingeniería por parte de la industria, elEstado, la academia y la sociedad. La industria no tiene claridad acerca de las funciones que puede desempeñar lamayoría de ingenieros; el Estado no ejerce un adecuado control, reglamentación ni prospectiva para las necesidadesque tiene el país en cuestiones ingenieriles; los procesos formativos en la academia no atienden eficientemente lasnecesidades del sector y parecen estar en dirección contraria al desarrollo del mundo globalizado, y la sociedaddesconoce la profesión y valora más ocupaciones como la música, la televisión, el modelaje y el deporte.

Abstract-It is accepted widely that the work performed by the engineers fundamentally consists in detecting, identifying and solving problems, but most of the educational systems and related subjects seem to ignore the need of educating students for the development of logical reasoning in order they can properly perform this function. This article reviews the concepts of logic, abstraction, problem solving and logical reasoning, which are described and analyzed like a functional need for engineering and its professional application, by considering the requirements of today's Information and Knowledge Society, and making a relation fitted to the educational processes of current and future engineers.Index Terms-Knowledge, logic, engineering, logical reasoning, problem solving. I. INTRODUCTIONThe work of engineers mainly consist in detecting, identifying and solving problems, but in this century, when the social evolution have leaded us towards the Information and Knowledge Society, this function has also become a comprehensive part of the work for most of professionals. Human beings lives in the middle of problems, from basic ones to the most complex, when these problems join together in social conglomerate they increase their complexity. This society, as never before through history, deal with complicated challenges that it must understand, analyze and solve to ensure its survival and to project the survival for the coming one [1].To meet this requirement the information systems must maintain a permanent communication with reality, in order to prepare the future professionals for they perform themselves properly when they face reality. This objective has a basic feature: the need for developing a logical thinking and a proper abstract interpretation, in order to achieve the efficient and effective solution of these problems. When educating engineers for the 21st Century this need is a basic component, because engineer"s performance will be greatly ruled by proper interpretation of problems even taking precedence over the solutions they give to them. Engineering practice can be described like giving practical and optimal solution to physical problems by means of a logical, systematic and comprehensive analysis of scientific facts. However, the number, the complexity and the lack of Manuscript received April 15, 2014; revised June 26, 2014. This work was supported by the Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano (ITM), and the Instituto Antioqueño de Investigacion (IAI), in Medellin, Colombia.Edgar Serna M. is with the Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano, Medellin, Colombia (e-mail: edgarserna@itm.edu.co).Alexei Serna A. is with the Instituto Antioqueño de Investigacion, Medellin, Colombia (e-mail: alexei.serna@iai.org). clarity of they are so wide that to achieve it sense and invariability must be added. These components are active parts of personal intuition, which is considered like an art completely related with logic sciences and abstraction. Sense is recognized like a component of engineering practice, because the ...

Managing knowledge properly has become a necessity in all types of professional activities, especially in those whose products are highly utilised and disseminated, such as software engineering. Because we live in a softwaredependent society, this technological development requires improving the processes of understanding and manufacturing; thus, it is recommended to use knowledge as a basis to achieve such improvements. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the proposals to manage knowledge in requirements engineering, in which it is evident that the proposals fail to meet the needs of work teams. The practices evaluated in this study propose an integrated framework for the management of knowledge in RE comprised by the conjunction between the phases of knowledge and the stages of RE and characterised by including two principles of complex thought: transdisciplinarity and multidimensionality.

The complete automation of software tests has been considered to be an unattainable goal. This article discusses the potential to achieve this goal with recent discoveries and innovations in the areas of virtual reality (VR), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and artificial intelligence (AI). In this study, a theoretical proposal is described to integrate the properties of each of these areas using a process of automation of software tests. This process is based on a classification and description of the properties after consulting the literature, interviews, and dialogs with specialists from Australia, the United States, Germany, and Colombia. In addition to the experiences of the researchers, the construction of two tools is proposed: (1) a robot to design and apply functional tests, and (2) a virtual machine to identify errors in the logical structure of the code. Both tools are expected to replace human factors; the advantage is that the first tool identifies procedural flaws and the second errors of operation. KEYWORDS artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks, automation, software testing, virtual reality 1 | INTRODUCTION For decades, why has one of the objectives of research in computer science been to automate the testing of software? The reality is that our society is software dependent. 1 Due to the current reality of technological development and the increasing consumption of this product, the demand for improvement in software quality has increased. In addition, the rate of software development has increased. This situation has caused industry to rethink its work methodologies to respond to the demands of society and the market, and satisfy the needs of customers and the current demand. However, industry hopes to achieve this goal without investing an excessive amount of time and money.The scenario becomes increasingly competitive as globalization and the free market offer opportunities to acquire software in any country in the world. Industry must verify and validate each system to evaluate its quality. A set of test cases is designed and manually applied, which involves time-consuming repetitive functions. 2 Automation is used to accelerate processes and reduce costs because the test can provide greater coverage. Another advantage of automation is that it can be executed without supervision with minimal human intervention, at times outside of business hours. In this manner, productivity in the area of quality control is increased, whereas a product can be delivered in less time with cost savings.Despite decades of research, experimentation, and application, software tests are not fully automated. Although progress has been made and powerful tools are available in the market for this purpose, progress is minimal as society demands quality, reliability, and product safety. Industry attributes this situation to the cost of automation, the lack of qualified personnel, and the ambiguity of the requirements specification documents because they generate delays in development and sufficient time ...