Background: Aluminum chloride (AlCl3 ) present in many manufactured consumable is considered as a toxic element. Aim: Our study evaluates the toxic effects induced by AlCl3 on the testes as well as the therapeutic tendency of Quercetin (QUE) agent as an antioxidant. Setting and Design: In the department of Anatomy of Medical School. Methods and Materials: Thirty-two male Wistar rats weighing approximately 170 ± 10 g were assigned into four groups with eight each, fed with rat chow and water ad-libitum. Group A served as control and was given distilled water throughout; Group B was given only QUE (200 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days; Group C was given only AlCl3 (300 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days; and Group D was given AlCl3 (300 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days followed with QUE (200 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. Substance administrations were done orally. Statistical analysis: One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data, in GraphPad Prism 6.0 being the statistical software. Results: AlCl3 significantly reduced the relative organ (testes) weight, correlating the decrease in sperm count, sperm motility and sperm viability. Furthermore, there was a decrease in luteinizing hormone with an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone which accounted for a significant reduction in testosterone level that plays a great role in spermatogenesis, following AlCl3 treatment. The cytoarchitecture of the testes showed degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules and leydin cells, nitric oxide synthases immunoreactivity was intense in the seminiferous epithelium of rat in Group C. Conclusion: These suggest that QUE antioxidant property could reverse the decrease in sperm status, hormonal effects, and functional deficit induced by aluminum chloride on the testes of Wistar rats.

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Summary Experimental infection of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with a virulent (W1) strain of Plasmodium knowlesi resulted in cerebral malaria. Electron microscopical examination of the brain revealed large numbers of intracytoplasmic lipofuscin pigment deposits in cerebellar Purkinje neurones and choroid plexus epithelium of the lateral ventricle. This lesion may be part of the nervous system response to ischaemic hypoxia.

Aims: The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of virgin coconut oil on the prefrontal cortex upon aluminium chloride-induced Alzheimer-likes dementia. Study Design and Methodology: Twenty-eight (28) adult male Wistar rats were used and were randomly assigned into four groups: Group A: Considered to be the control group which took water and food daily. Group B: Virgin coconut oil treated group, were administered virgin coconut oil orally with 1700 mg/kg BW for 42 days. Group C: Aluminium chloride treated group, were administered Aluminium chloride orally with 200 mg/kg BW for 42 days. Group D: Aluminium chloride + virgin coconut oil treated group, the Wistar rats were administered Original Research Article

This study was aimed at investigating the cytoprotective activities of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on the histological structure of the testes in diabetic male rats. Turmeric is commonly called the golden spice, is used as a spice in cooking and also has a long history of medicinal use, dating back nearly 4000 years to the Vedic culture in India. Its major component is the curcumin that is found to be a natural antioxidant. Diabetes affects large number of young men of reproductive age. It is among a number of disorders associated with oxidative stress. There has been a relationship established between the reduction in glucose load and insulin resistance reduction and oxidative stress in people. Male wistar rats (n=24) were allocated randomly into six groups, 4 in each. Group 1: Control were given only water and standard rat chow; Group 2 and 3: turmeric (100mg/kg) and (25mg/kg) respectively; Group 4: induced with 30mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) for 3 days; Group 5: STZ with turmeric (100mg/kg); Group 6: STZ with turmeric (25mg/kg). At the end of the experiment (21 days), the testes were excised for histological analysis. The seminiferous tubules, seminiferous epithelium, Leydig cells were shown to be enhanced in the histoarchitecture of the testes of the treated diabetic groups and did not show any toxicity on the testes in the non-diabetic groups. In conclusion, this study has shown that turmeric does not only possess a non-toxic effect but has cytoprotective effects on the histoarchitecture of the testes in diabetic rats.Keywords: histo-architecture, leydig cells, diabetes, oxidative stress, testes, curcumin.