Different types of bio-polysaccharide play a vital role in the growth of PLBs cultured in vitro. In this study, to we investigated the potential impacts of two bio-polymers,: hyaluronic acid (HA9) and sodium alginate (ALG) on the organogenesis of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) in Phalaenopsis under white LED lights. PLBs of Phalaenopsis ‘Fmk02010’ were explanted on modified MS medium with different concentrations of HA and (ALG). The highest average number of PLBs per explant (24.6) was recorded for ALG alone at a concentration of 0.01mg/L, and the fresh weight was also highest at the same concentration. The combination of 0.01mg/L ALG and 0.01mg/L HA also resulted in a large number of PLBs (23.8) and high fresh weight. As opposed to, the highest number of shoots /explant (3.6) was observed at the treatment of the combination of 1mg/L ALG and 10mg/L HA. This study shows that the application of ALG and HA alone, and in combination, at low concentrations, increased the average number of PLBs and the amount of fresh weight, but shoot formation was higher at a high concentration compared with control.

The objective of this study was to identify effective carbon sources for the in vitro propagation of PLBs in Dendrobium cultivars Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’ and Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’. In this study, we used two types of carbon sources to culture the cultivars under five different LED lights. For, both carbon sources the highest numbers of PLBs were obtained with the green LEDs compared with the other LED lights. For Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’ the trehalose supplemented medium produced the highest number of PLBs (13.8/explant) and the maximum fresh weight (0.45g/explant) under green LEDs. On the other hand, for Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’, the sucrose supplemented medium produced the highest number of PLBs under green LED (8.0/explant, fresh weight 0.22g/explants) and the trehalose supplemented medium produced the maximum number of PLBs under white LEDs (8.1/explants, fresh weight 0.23g/explants). The sucrose was the most relevant carbon source for the in vitro organogenesis of Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’, while trehalose was best under white LEDs.