Dehydration of isolated rape hypocotyls (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera L. cv. Górczański) to a water saturation deficít of about 60% resulted in increased tolerance to subsequent desiccation and to prolonged immersion in water. Dehydration pretreatment followed by restoration of tissue turgidity, caused a decrease in leakage of electrolytes, ultraviolet‐absorbing materials and ninhydrin‐reactive substances from the desiccated or water immersed hypocotyl tissue. A hardening effect of tissue dehydration is supposed to be related to an improved stability of cell membranes.

Desiccation‐ or immersion‐induced injuries in isolated winter rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera cv. Górczański) hypocotyls were highly correlated with potassium efflux and were reversible if the tissue damage was not severe (i.e. when less than 20% of electrolytes leaked from stressed tissue). The time‐course of leakage of potassium and other electrolytes showed that increased membrane permeability might result from stress‐induced disturbances in membrane integrity. Increased stress tolerance in hypocotyls predehydrated to a water saturation deficit of about 60% seemed to be due to stabilization of membrane structure rather than to promotion of a repair mechanism. The hardening effect of predehydration was more effective for potassium efflux than for efflux of other electrolytes.

Ascochitine production by 24 isolates of three fungal species causing the Ascochyta disease complex in pea plants, was examined. All eight isolates of Ascochyta pisi Lib. secreted ascochitine to liquid nutrient medium in amounts of 0.1 to 1.2 mg/l. However, no ascochitine was found in culture filtrates of Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. and Blox.) Vestergr. or of Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella (Jon.) Boerema although the aggressiveness of these two species as pathogens was shown to be higher than that of A. pisi. Individual isolates of each of the three fungal species examined did not differ in their pathogenicity.

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The article describes the experience of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education in the development and implementation of training programs for masters competent in the field of psychological rehabilitation. A model of the activity of a psychologist-rehabilitologs is proposed, the main task of which is the involvement of a rehabilitant in solving the problems of his life, as a result of which he becomes an actor of his own activity. The original master's program “Psychological rehabilitation in the social sphere” is presented, aimed at training qualified personnel to work in the field of restoring mental health and effective social behavior of children and adults of vulnerable categories, including people with disabilities, developed in accordance with the updated regulatory framework and the requirements of the professional standard of a specialist in social rehabilitation.