Снижение материалоемкости машин и энергоемкости при производстве полива, в частности, дождевальной машины (ДМ) Кубань-ЛК1 , является важным направлением повышения экономической эффективности агропромышленного комплекса, поскольку экономное расходование энергетических и материальных ресурсов обеспечивает увеличение объема производства и снижение себестоимости как технологических средств орошения, так и урожая сельскохозяйственных культур. При этом технико-экономические показатели дождевальных машин определяются их конструктивно-эксплуатационными характеристиками, зависящими от основных параметров машин и от условий эксплуатации. Наиболее важными из них являются: производительность и энергоемкость. Проведенные исследования ДМ позволили установить, что снижение её производительности зачастую происходит из-за уменьшения коэффициента использования рабочего времени смены (Kсм). Его снижение определяется потерями опорной проходимости тележек машины в местах с низкой несущей способностью почвы (из-за увеличенного колеобразования) и при преодолении подъемов (из-за недостаточных сцепных свойств ходовых систем, или мощности привода). Доказывается, что наиболее объективную оценку роста технического уровня ходовых систем ДМ Кубань-ЛК1 целесообразно проводить по обобщенному показателю эффективности, определяющему оптимальные параметры колёсного движителя исходя из максимальных показателей энергетических затрат на передвижение и материалоемкости.It is proved that the reduction of material consumption of machines and energy consumption in the production of irrigation, in particular, DM Kuban-LK1, is an important direction to improve the economic efficiency of agriculture, as economical consumption of energy and material resources provides an increase in production and cost reduction, as technological means of irrigation and crop production. At the same time, technical and economic indicators of sprinkler machines are determined by their structural and operational characteristics, depending on the main parameters of the machines and on the operating conditions. The most important of them are: productivity and energy intensity. Conducted research DM has allowed to establish that the decline in performance often occurs due to the reduction in utilization of working time shift (KSM). Its reduction is determined by the losses of the supporting patency of the carts in places with low bearing capacity of the soil (due to increased rutting) and when overcoming climbs (due to insufficient coupling properties of running systems, or drive power). It is proved that the most objective assessment of the growth of the technical level of running systems DM Kuban-LK1 is advisable to carry out a generalized indicator of the effectiveness of determining the optimal parameters of the wheel drive on the basis of the highest indicators of energy costs for movement and material consumption.

In recent years, nanotechnology has been considered a useful technology for agriculture and has been studied in the fields of water management and crop production and the use of nanotechnology in crop breeding, production, and plant protection methods. In comparison with other agricultural machinery, Nano water sprinkling machines Fregat has more difficult working conditions in terms of rutting and traction-adhesion properties due to reduced bearing capacity of wetted soils, long sprinkling machine lengths, and irrigated areas with a wide range of strength and relief characteristics. Therefore, the most important in improving multi-support sprinkling machines is, first of all, the study of the soil-relief conditions of irrigated lands and their influence on the technological and technical ways of solving the problem of its soil trafficability. Also important is the issue of adhesion of the undercarriage systems of the sprinkling machine bogies. Fregat sprinkling machine DMU-B-463-90 was used in the Lukhovitsky District of the Moscow Region. The stuhollow punchs were carried out on soddy podzolic medium loamy soils. Cleaning devices for undercarriage systems providing wheel cleaning have been proposed. According to industrial research data obtained in production conditions, all high-quality operational, technological, and reliability indicators of Fregat sprinkling machines equipped with cleaning devices have rather high values, correspond to agrotechnical requirements, and exceed similar values inherent in the serial modifications of other sprinkling machines on average by 30-35 %.

Creating effective irrigation systems requires solving the dialectic problem: selecting high-performance equipment and irrigation technology that takes into account the rational water and energy use requirements and maximum adaptation to the region of their application ensuring environmental safety, preserving and increasing the fertility of irrigated soils. The fundamental is the principle of maximum adaptation of sprinkling equipment to specific soil, climatic and relief conditions, taking into account the environmental indicators acceptable for a particular landscape. In the period from 2015, development work on the reconstruction of domestic wide-coverage sprinklers in the Russian Federation was resumed. Over this short period, a number of companies went from developing working design documentation for prototype models of preproduction series of sprinkler machines to conducting state acceptance tests confirming the status of a Russian manufacturer to their active introduction in irrigated areas of domestic agricultural producers. When developing a number of models of sprinkler machines, the FSBI All-Russian Research Institute "Raduga" took an active part in their designing and in experimental work, development of technical documentation and support for conducting state tests; they are that were considered in this article. All samples were developed on the basis of the conditions of compliance with modern agrotechnical requirements, namely, when watering, artificial precipitation should form in its structure close to natural rains with a droplet diameter of 0.8-1.2 mm and an intensity of up to 0.25 mm / min. with a uniform distribution over area not less than 0.8. Testing of the samples was carried out by the Federal State Institution “Vladimir State Zone Machine Testing Station” in accordance with “ STO AIST 11.1-2010. Sprinkling machines and installations. Methods for assessing functional indicators”, and also related standard and regulatory documents. The tests passed allowed us to obtain positive protocols of state acceptance tests with recommendations on putting in serial production or putting in production after implementing the corrections.