Relevance. The absence of a registered vaccine against G145R escape mutant determines the need to develop a drug for the prophylaxis of infectious hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus.The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of a new hepatitis B recombinant Bubo®-Unigep yeast vaccine in healthy volunteers.Materials & Methods. To confirm the safety of the new trivalent Bubo®-Unigep vaccine, an open, single- center, nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted in healthy male volunteers at the clinical base of «Uromed» (Smolensk) according to the protocol developed by the contract research organization R&D Pharma.Results and discussions. Safety and reactogenicity assessment was carried out throughout the study period. In the safety assessment, one adverse event was reported that was not related to the use of Bubo®-Unigep vaccine. No serious adverse events have been reported. There were no local reactions at the injection site throughout the observation period. The results indicate a high safety and areactogenicity of Bubo®-Unigep vaccine.Conclusions: The confirmed safety and areactogenicity of a new Bubo®-Unigep vaccine in a phase I clinical trial allows to proceed to the next stage and to conduct a registration study in which immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity will be studied during the full course of vaccination. The introduction of such a vaccine on the market will contribute to a more effective vaccination against those serotypes of the hepatitis B virus that are endemic and prevail in the Russian Federation. Due to the created complete immunity, the infection threshold rises and the number of cases of hepatitis B among the already vaccinated population decreases.

In late 2019, there were reports of an outbreak of infection caused by a new strain of beta coronavirus SARSCoV-2, the WHO identified the disease as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Tatarstan, the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed on March 16, 2020, it was an imported case from France. The period of increase in the incidence lasted during the 12th to the 19th week, when the highest rate was recorded, amounting to 16.7 per 100 thousand population. Subsequently, a statistically significant decrease in the incidence was noted. Seroprevalence study was conducted at week 27 (8th week of decline of morbidity).The purpose of the seroepidemiological study was to measure the level and to identify the structure of herd immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population of the Republic of Tatarstan during the rapid spread of the COVID-19 outbreak.Materials and methods. The selection of volunteers for the study was carried out by the method of questionnaires and randomization by random sampling. The exclusion criterion was active COVID-19 infection at the time of the survey. 2,946 people were examined for the presence of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The age of the surveyed volunteers ranged from 1 year to 70 years and older.Results. The results of the study showed that in the Republic of Tatarstan during the period of COVID-19 incidence, there was a moderate seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2, which amounted to 31.3%, against the background of a high frequency (94.5%) of asymptomatic infection in seropositive individuals who did not have a history of past COVID-19 disease, positive PCR result and ARVI symptoms on the day of the examination. The maximum indicators of herd immunity were established in children aged 7–13 years (42.0%), children 14–17 years old (40.3%), with a simultaneous decrease in seroprevalence in persons aged 70 and older (24.0%). In different regions of the Republic of Tatarstan, there was a wide variation in seropositivity results from the minimum in the Zainsky district (8.6%) to the maximum in the Arsky district (74.3%). In 21 out of 38 surveyed districts, the results were unrepresentative due to the small sample size. In COVID-19 convalescents, antibodies are produced in 83.3% of cases. In persons with a positive result of the PCR analysis carried out earlier, antibodies were detected in 100% of cases. Among the volunteers who had contact with patients with COVID-19, the proportion of seropositive is 37%Conclusion. The dynamics of seroprevalence among the population of the Republic of Tatarstan can be qualified as positive, the results obtained can be used to develop a forecast for the development of the epidemiological situation, as well as to plan measures for specific and non-specific prevention of COVID-19.

Фгбну «Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. б.в. Петровского», Москва, Россия Цель исследования-провести сравнительную оценку эффективности аминокапроновой (εАКК) и транексамовой (тК) кислот в снижении объемов отделяемого по дренажам после различных кардиохирургических операций. Материал и методы. Ретроспективно проанализированы 1633 истории болезни кардиохирургических пациентов, оперированных в Фгбну «РнцХ им. акад. б.в. Петровского» в период 2012-2014 гг. в зависимости от используемого во время операции аналога лизина больные были разделены на две группы: 1-я группа (n=927) с тК (ФгуП «Московский эндокринный завод», Россия), 2-я группа (n=706) с εАКК («Мосхимфармпрепараты», Россия). оба препарата вводили в виде пролонгированной инфузии в дозе 10 мг/кг/ч для тК и 20 г для εАКК. у всех пациентов оценивали объем геморрагического отделяемого по дренажам через 6 и 12 ч после операции. Результаты. отмечен одинаковый гемостатический эффект интраоперационного пролонгированного введения тК в дозе 10 мг/кг/ч или εАКК в дозе 20 г. одинаковая гемостатическая эффективность тК и εАКК отмечалась и при различных условиях перфузии-длительность и температура искусственного кровообращения (иК), а также при различных видах операций на сердце и аорте в условиях иК. Количество рестернотомий, выполненных в связи с кровотечениями, в группе с тК достоверно не отличалось от такового у больных группы с εАКК.

Современный научно-технический прогресс повысил запросы эстетической медицины и дал бурное развитие дентальной имплантации, совершенствованию хирурги-ческих методов, расширяющих возможности внутрикост-ной имплантации больным с отсутствием зубов на верх-ней челюсти в силу врожденных анатомических особен-ностей или вторичной адентии [1].Согласно данным статистики, большую часть боль-ных с частичной или полной адентией верхней челюсти составляют больные с одонтогенным перфоративным верхнечелюстным синуситом (ОПВС) [1].ОПВС является сложным патологическим процес-сом, характеризующимся как хроническое воспаление верхнечелюстной пазухи, вызванное инфекцией из очагов острого или хронического воспаления в зубочелюстной системе (периодонтиты, периоститы, остеомиелиты, на-гноившиеся кисты верхней челюсти) с наличием стойкой сформированной ороантральной фистулы [2].В последние годы проблема лечения ОПВС все чаще поднимается в медицинском научном сообществе. Она требует междисциплинарного подхода для оказания ква-лифицированной медицинской помощи: тесного сотруд- Цель работы -анализ различных методов пластики ороантрального свища слизистым лоскутом и с использованием остеопластических материалов, оценка их преимуществ и недостатков по данным литературы и интернет-источников. Представлены характеристики идеального материала для пластики ороантрального свища и условия для ее проведения. Ключевые слова: одонтогенный верхнечелюстной синусит, ороантральный свищ, пластика ороантрального свища, остео-пластические материалыThe objective of the present study was the comparative analysis of various methods for the plastic correction of the oroantral fistula with the use of the mucosal flap and the osteoplastic materials based on the data from the literature and on-line publications. The characteristics of an ideal material for the plastic correction of the oroantral fistula and the conditions for carrying out this surgery are discussed.

The article substantiates the ongoing processes in modern society and their impact on the growth of threats to food security of the countries of the world. The disturbance of the biological diversity of the planet indirectly affects the state of biocenoses and their resistance to destruction and degradation. The anthropogenic influence of mankind and its geometric growth in numbers do not allow the biosphere to restore equilibrium after the intervention and consumption of its resources. The work assesses the role of humans in reducing biodiversity. The conclusion is made about the importance of biodiversity conservation for maintaining the life support of the growing human population and the role of biodiversity in providing the necessary level and availability of food for balanced and sustainable economic development.