Introduction. The methods of traffic modeling by water transport and assessing the risks associated with it is needed to identify the issues of the past period, proposing methods for assessing not only direct but also indirect risks to form the preconditions for preventing them in the postwar reconstruction. The coordination of different transport type’s actions of transport requires an assessment of risks impact of the previous stages of mixed transportation on the formation of the following risks’ stages. Existing methods of assessing such impact need to be improved. Aim and tasks. The aim of this study is creation of methodological approach to risk management in water transport based on a mathematical model for assessing the impact of both direct and indirect risks. The tasks are: to prove that the additive approach of taking risks into account leads to the systematic deviation appearance from the result; take into account the impact on the risk of cargo transportation. Results. It has proved that the calculation of risk as an additive function leads to a systematic deviation from the relevant result. It stated that the risk of each of the next stages of transportation depends on the risks of the previous stages. To increase risk analysis relevance in water transport, the use of an oriented graph in a multidimensional parameter space proposed. It stated that in order to calculate the integrated risk, it is essential building not only the risk matrix but also the risk incidence matrix to take into account their relation to business entities. It established the impact of even minor risks could take the form of a catastrophe, which leads to cargo flows reorientation. It established that: for calculation of integral risk, it is crucial consider direct and indirect influences of risks; risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. Conclusions. It was established that, when calculating integral risk, it is necessary to consider direct and indirect influences on risks and that the risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. The proposed approach significantly increases the relevance of water transport risk analysis and allows for managing changes in transportation routes in real time.

Topicality. In recent years, there has been increasing pressure on the marine and riverine environment due to increasing volumes and globalization processes in international trade. This situation has the effect of increasing the negative impact on the dynamics of the natural aquatic environment quality by increasing oil spills, emissions of chemicals and other harmful substances, air pollution and the indirect impact of these processes on water resources, waste disposal, noise and radioactive load. The forecast assessment of the dynamics of the world economy shows a gradual increase in the volume of shipping due to the increase in the world's population and consumption. Enhanced use of water basins requires new innovative management initiatives with the development of tools to ensure the ecological sustainability of marine and river ecosystems, taking into account the threats and risks of their introduction to the environment. The peculiarity of protecting the marine and riverine environment from navigation is that ships do not always operate within the flag state, and the further the ship moves away from it, the less the state has the opportunity to rely on traditional sovereignty within its jurisdiction. Involvement of many stakeholders in the process of water transport, lack of full autonomy of the flag state to regulate the activities of the ship outside its jurisdiction requires the development of methodological approaches and practical measures to develop ways and methods of institutional and organizational impact on ships based on international requirements. and standards. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyse the existing and potential institutional resources for the prevention of technogenic threats from shipping and the development of water transport on the basis of eco-focused. Research results. It has been confirmed that at the present stage of economic development transport plays a leading role, as it is an important part of industry, consumption, agriculture. Water transport is responsible for the majority of international traffic, which results in negative consequences of its work. It is known that any type of transport, including maritime, is one of the biggest polluters of the environment, but the vital needs of mankind should not be met by future generations. Solving environmental issues is a relatively new direction in the science of management, however, in recent decades many countries have joined this practice, focusing on scientific support of programs and plans against global change, which affect not only marine and river biocenoses, but also have consequences in the form of a shift in the ecosystem framework of the entire planet. The activity of water transport is slowly growing in its scale and consequences, which requires more attention from government agencies, which should join international initiatives to obtain a positive result from environmental activities and increase the authority of the state. In addition, the aquatic environment is usually the area of interest of different countries and different stakeholders, being a transboundary area, which should take into account not only the interests and needs of different countries, but also form a single legal basis for economic, environmental and recreational activities within marine and river borders. Conclusion. The paper examines and analyses the existing organizational and legislative precautionary tools to reduce technogenic pollution of the marine and river environment, investigates measures for the treatment of ballast water and developed an algorithm for their management; an analysis of possible precautionary measures against the impact of air pollution, garbage, oil and petroleum products on the quality of the aquatic environment and proposed a number of precautionary measures; conceptual provisions for the formation of a national action plan for ballast water management have been developed. Conceptual provisions for the formation of state organizational and institutional support for the treatment of ballast water by methods of preventive protection on the basis of updated management tools, economic feasibility and environmental orientation; developed scientific and applied substantiation of regulatory and coordination approaches based on economic feasibility, focused on the balanced development of aquatic ecosystems and environmental safety of navigation.

Topicality. Significant changes in geopolitical conditions in the Black Sea region, in particular, and the world as a whole leads to a radical redistribution of trade flows, markets. This process causes changes in the market of transport services. There are trends in the ratio of competitiveness of the Black Sea ports. These changes and the accompanying dynamic processes occur in real time. In order for Ukraine's economy to respond appropriately to such dynamic changes, there is an urgent need to establish clear guidelines, unambiguous criteria and formulate proposals to ensure a high degree of adaptability of the public administration system to rapid changes in external and internal conditions.Aim and tasks. The aim of the work is scientific substantiation and development of methodical bases of interaction of elements of system of state management of water transport in new conditions, offer of recommendations of organizational character on increase of adaptability of management process at maintenance of rationality of interaction of all elements of management system. Achieving the goal of the study necessitated the formulation and solution of the following tasks: to propose numerical criteria for the economic rationality of the interaction of the management system; develop a model; to substantiate the algorithm of state management of water transport for its specific field of activity for assessing the levels of efficiency and rationality of management measures.Research results. The paper summarizes the approaches to the formation of the state water transport management system with the appropriate degree of adaptability to rapid changes in external and internal conditions, offers criteria for economic efficiency and rationality of water transport management and justifies their choice, applied analysis of the need for management measures cargo and to increase the efficiency of interaction of adjacent modes of transport.Conclusion. It established that intermodal and multimodal cargo transportation (IMCT) is the most promising area of modernization of transport infrastructure, a tool for operational testing of new routes, a means to enter promising markets for transport services, and a mechanism for creating a new level of competitiveness of water transport in Ukraine.The study established the criteria for the appropriate level of efficiency and rationality of management efforts in the field of water transport. It stated that these criteria should be numerical rather than qualitative for greater objectivity. Criteria of economic efficiency and rationality specified for the field of IMCT. The algorithm of public management of IMCT with proper and relevant assessment of the levels of efficiency and rationality of management measures is offered. The obtained results of the research allow achieving the necessary levels of economic rationality of the interaction of the elements of the system of state management of water transport in the new conditions.