This paper intends to analyze perceptions of students and teachers towards the semester system of Tribhuvan University (TU). The result of the study is based on the data collected through survey questionnaire from 40 university teachers and 194 master level students. The perception is discussed in terms of learning environment, resources, use of ICT tools, contents and activities. The findings show that the perception of teachers and students towards curriculum, teaching/learning environment, and regularity of classes and viability of semester system are in positive direction. However, the availability of learning resources and use of ICT tools in day to day teaching/learning are not in satisfactory way in the perception of the participants. Their perceptions also reveal that facilities of extra-curricular activities, play grounds and canteen are inadequate. Similarly, the teachers and students perceive that availability of both human and academic resources is inadequate. The students experience show that there is teacher domination in selection of teaching methods; less use of ICT materials to promote learning; difficulty in completing courses in the stipulated time and not timely declaring exam result. However, this system has encouraged and empowered creativity among students for learning.

This article aims to explain the effectiveness of using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning school mathematics. The paper is based on the results of one month experiment of Geo Gebra software in teaching and learning the concepts and problems included in the chapter commensuration of secondary level mathematics. The effectiveness of using ICT tools were explored by measuring achievement level with the help of achievement test and overall perceptions of using ICT tools through questionnaire. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using table, frequency, percentage, mean, SD and t-test. The findings revealed that there was high mean score in achievement in mathematics of experimental group (teaching with ICT) than that of control group (without using ICT), and the difference was significant at 0.05 level. Likewise, the students of experimental group had positive perception to support the use of ICT tools in teaching and learning mathematics. Thus, the use of ICT, particularly Geo Gebra is an effective tool to increase achievement; to promote curiosity, creativity; to make clear sense of concepts; and to encourage overall learning of students in mathematics. Finally, the study suggests that school mathematics teachers need to use ICT for effective teaching and learning.

This paper aims to explain the difficulties of grade X students in learning trigonometry that were explored from an empirical study in the year 2017 AD. The researcher used explanatory mixed research design where 155 students of grade X were selected randomly from the four schools of Kirtipur municipality to conduct initial survey to find low achievers and most difficult content areas of trigonometry by using achievement test. Then five low achievers and respective three mathematics teachers were selected and interviewed with the help of semi-structured interview guidelines to explore what difficulties had they experienced and encountered in learning trigonometry. The results revealed that mean achievement score of students in institutional schools was greater than that of students of community schools. However, there are some common areas of difficulties of students in both types of schools for learning trigonometry including the difficulties related to memorization of facts; comprehension of new concepts; transformation of verbal problems; derivation and proofs of trigonometric relations and unfamiliarity with the solving process of problems in application level. These difficulties are due to several reasons including abstract nature of contents, poor prerequisites among students, demonstration of teacher centered instruction, and focusing on rote memorization rather than conceptual understanding. Hence, it is recommended that both students and teachers need to focus on conceptual learning rather than rote memorization for meaningful understanding in trigonometry.

This paper aims to analyze the curriculum of the course ‘Studies in Mathematics Education (Math Ed. 539)’ from indigenous and gender perspectives. For, the curriculum of that course, particularly objectives, contents, textbooks, teaching/learning methods and evaluation are visualized and analyzed. The experiences and insights of two teachers of that course were included and analyzed concerning to IK and gender perspectives, by taking in-depth interviews with the help of semi-structured interview guidelines. The result shows that there are sufficient space and provision of incorporate IK in the curriculum and teachers are trying to implement this course as much as possible from the cultural perspective of mathematics education. The curriculum displays gender friendly and neutral aspects in terms of gender and teachers are using gender friendly methodology while implementing the course. However, the evaluation system is not more flexible as expected by female teacher. Thus, the inclusion of IK with particular local knowledge and making gender friendly curriculum is necessary for the courses of teacher preparation in mathematics education.

This paper aims to reveal the difficulties as experienced by graduate students while learning abstract algebra at master's degree in mathematics education in the first month of their enrollment. For, I adopted a case study of five students, interviewed them with the help of interview guidelines and observed their behaviors in the classroom, and triangulated this information with researcher’s experiences to explore the difficulties in learning abstract algebra. I used inductive method to analyze the information and concluded that graduate students have experienced several difficulties in learning abstract algebra including the difficulties in conceptualizing algebraic facts, constructing examples and non-examples; and proving theorems. Finally, the study suggests that graduate teaching need to focus on conceptual and procedural understanding of students, and emphasizing to construct examples and non-example as much as possible to improve students’ learning.