The study aims to determine the effect of the application of solid organic fertilizers from bokashi goat manure (BGM) and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) of cow urine to improve the growth and yield of ’lembah palu’ shallot varieties. The study was conducted on farmers’ land in Sidera Village Subdistrict Sigibiromaru Sigi Regency in Central Sulawesi. Research using Random Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorials design (two-factor) with three replications. The first factor is the application of BGM, consists of 2 levels, namely: (1) without BGM and (2) BGM 30 t ha-1; The second factor is the concentration of LOF consists of 3 levels: (1) without the LOF, (2) LOF 16 L ha-1 and (3) LOF 32 L ha-1. The results of the research showed that BGM 30 t.ha-1, followed by application of 16 L.ha-1 LOF produce shallot crop is higher, and the number of tuber per hill and the fresh weight of tuber per hectare of shallot ’lembah palu’ variety is higher compared with a combination of other treatments. BGM 30 t.ha-1 produced more leaf number and fresh weight of tubers per plant higher and significantly different without BGM. Application LOF 32 L.ha-1 produce of shallot leaves more than without LOF and LOF 16 L.ha-1.

Zn levels in rice are essential for maintaining consumer health. However, Zn deficient plants can reduce levels of Zn in grains and the ability of plants to express their genetic potentials. This study examines the use of cow manure enriched with Zn heptahydrate on increasing Zn levels of broken skin rice. The experiment was arranged in a randomized single factor group design with seven levels of manure dose treatment, namely: 0; 2.5; 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15 tons ha-1, with 3 replications. Spacing was 30 cm x 30 cm with a size of 3 m x 4 m. The parameters observed were plant growth, the weight of 1,000-grain, percentage of empty grain, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance with a confidence interval of 5%, followed by the Duncan test of 5%. The results showed that the application of cow manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 enriched by 5 kg ha-1 Zn heptahydrate could increase the number of productive tillers, weight of 1,000-grains, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice as well as suppress the grainy rice grain of Mekongga variety of lowland rice on the intermittent flooding.   Keywords: brownrice, cow manure, irrigation system, Zn heptahydrate

Shallot 'lembah palu' variety is the main raw material for fried onion industry in Central Sulawesi. This study aims to examine the LEISA technology package through the use of liquid and solid organic fertilizers from agricultural waste in order to obtain the quality of shallot bulbs that are good as raw material for fried onions. Research using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was repeated 4 (four) times. Treatment consists of: (A)= without organic fertilizer; (B)= liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 40 mL/L of water); (C)= solid organic fertilizer (bokashi goat manure 20 ton/ha); (D)= solid organic fertilizer (bokashi goat manure 10 ton/ha) + liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 20 mL/L of water); (E) = solid organic fertilizer (bokashi goat manure 20 ton/ha) + liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 40 mL/L of water); (F)= solid organic fertilizer (20 ton/ha bokashi mixture of goat manure and shallot residues); (G)= solid organic fertilizer 20 ton/ha bokashi mixture of goat manure and shallot residues)+liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 30 mL/L of water); (H)= solid organic 10 ton/ha bokashi mixture of goat manure and shallot residues)+liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 60 mL/L of water; and (I)= solid organic fertilizer 30 ton/ha bokashi mixture of goat manure and shallot residues)+ liquid organic fertilizer (Biourin 60 mL/L of water). The results of the study were (i) the combination of types and doses of organic fertilizer in general resulted in higher growth and yield of shallots compared to without organic fertilizers, and (ii) a combination of solid organic fertilizer (mixture 20 ton/ha bokashi goat manure and shallot residue), produce number of  leaves, leaf dry weight, fresh weight per tuber, and fresh weight of tuber per hectare higher than without organic fertilizer.

The need for raw materials of fried onions derived from 'lembah palu Shallot tubers variety  is high enough and can not be fulfilled, because the productivity is still low. This study aimed  to find the type of  plant growth regulator substances (PGR) with a long period of proper immersion to improve the germination of Shallot tuber. The research was conducted on Mei until June 2017 in Bulupontou Village,  Sigi Regency. The study used two factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). First factor of type RGS: (Z1) onion extract 100 g/l water, and (Z2) atonic 5 ml/l water. The second factor was long seed immersion in PGR: (T1)=30 min; (T2)=60 minutes; (T3)=90 minutes, and (T4)=120 minutes. Each treatment was represented 20 plants and repeated 3 times, so it was used 480 plants. The results showed that (i) red onion tubers soaked with Shallot extract 100 g/liter of water for 30-90 minutes yielded 100% Germinations, and tubers soaked in red onion extract for 30 minutes resulted in germination rate 31.3%/etmal, (ii) the type of growth regulator of shallot extract and atonic (PGR) effect was  not significant on the germination of shallot; and (iii) the 30 minute long growth regulator immersion produced the highest hypothetical vigor index.

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