Purpose This study aims to measure the knowledge levels toward retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among pediatricians covering neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the major hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. To our knowledge, this is the first report to assess the awareness level of ROP in the NICU pediatricians in the region. Patients and Methods This is a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive study using self-administered electronic questionnaires to assess the knowledge level among NICU pediatricians at the main hospitals of Tabuk city. We used a self-administer online validated knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. A scoring system was implemented in the data analysis, depending on the correct chosen answers on the KAP questionnaire, to present the ROP knowledge level in the participants. Results The study included 41 NICU pediatricians. Most of the participants’ age exceeded 40 years (51.2%). The majority were recruited from either King Salman Military hospital (34.1%) or King Khalid hospital (31.7%). The average frequency of preterm infants seen per month exceeded 15 infants among 41.4% of the respondents. Most pediatricians recognized the important treatment modalities available for ROP (92.7%); however, only 24.4% of them could recognize that 32 weeks or less is the gestational age of the screening criteria for ROP. The overall knowledge score ranged between 4 and 10, out of a possible maximum of 12 with a mean ± SD of (6.68±1.47). The majority (75.6%) believe that the ROP treatment can successfully prevent blindness. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the NICU pediatricians have good knowledge about the treatment modalities of ROP. However, their knowledge about the inclusion criteria of ROP screening was insufficient. Thus, we highlighted the necessity of raising the awareness level and the strict application of the clinical guidelines among NICU pediatricians and healthcare workers involved in managing ROP.

Epilepsy is a common disease with serious health consequences. Knowledge regarding the clinical pattern of epilepsy is important for its management and prevention. The study aims to investigate the epidemiology of epilepsy among the children following King Salman Armed Forced Hospital in Tabuk city and to determine the frequency of epilepsy according to age, gender, consanguinity, and comorbidities. This is a retrospective observational study conducted among children, in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Data from the patient's medical record was collected following its policy on data confidentiality, security, and safety. The study included 200 participants, 53.5% of them were males and 46.5% were females. 31% reported consanguinity between parents. The age of the first epileptic seizure was less than 1 year in 40.5% of patients, 2 years in 16.5%, 5 years old in 7% of patients, and 7 years old in 6.5% of patients. Epilepsy type was generalized in 81%, focal in 5.5%, and combined in 6%. The etiology of epilepsy was idiopathic in 52.5%, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in 14.5%, mental insufficiency in 10%, GDD in 7.5%, ADHD in 3%, and ASD in 3%. Associated co-morbidities were reported as 4.5% infection, 5.5% genetic disorder, 26% structural disabilities, 4.5% metabolic disorder, 4% cerebral palsy, and 4% developmental delay. In conclusion, epilepsy in Tabuk City affected the young age group and was generalized in the majority, more than half were idiopathic. There is a need for further studies to examine the risk factors in greater detail.

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is an aggressive type of glaucoma, which often results in poor visual outcomes. Antivascular endothelial growth factor is frequently used for various conditions in which VEGF release is induced in response to retinal ischemia. Bevacizumab is a humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal IgG1 antibody. The potential of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents to modify the disease course of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) was recognized shortly after their use in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration was reported. These medications were noted to induce rapid regression of the anterior segment neovascularization that characterizes NVG. Several studies as well as extensive clinical experience have demonstrated a rapid regression of anterior segment neovascularization following the injection of anti-VEGF agents. This review aims to summarize current evidences regarding effectiveness of Bevacizumab in management of neovascular glaucoma.