This paper aims to find out illustration and estimation of zakat potency as well as the amount of zakat collection in Indonesia. Furthermore, it aims to outline the diversity between potency and realization of zakat. It used quantitative descriptive approach through secondary data collection from several sources. The result shows both potency and realization of zakat collection in Indonesia were increasing during 2011-2015. However, the amount of zakat potency surpasses the amount of zakat realization with wide gap.It shows that the average amount of zakat collection on 2011-2015 is less than 1% compare to its potency. One of the possible reason is most of Indonesian prefer to distribute their zakat directly to the muzakki, hence it is unrecorded.

This paper aims to find out the amount of zakat fund collection, particularly zakat maal in Indonesia. Numbers of zakat fund collected is used to see zakat inclusion from the perspective of zakat payment of Indonesian. This paper uses descriptive quantitative through secondary data collection from several sources. The result shows that the realization of zakat fund collection in Indonesia increases during 2006-2015, so does the number of people who pay zakat. However, it can be seen that the zakat payment inclusion of Indonesian people is still low. The number of people who paid zakat is lower compare to the number of people who are obligated. It need further research to divulge the reason.

This paper aims to find out illustration and estimation of zakat potency as well as the amount of zakat collection in Indonesia. Furthermore, it aims to outline the diversity between potency and realization of zakat. It used quantitative descriptive approach through secondary data collection from several sources. The result shows both potency and realization of zakat collection in Indonesia were increasing during 2011-2015. However, the amount of zakat potency surpasses the amount of zakat realization with wide gap.It shows that the average amount of zakat collection on 2011-2015 is less than 1% compare to its potency. One of the possible reason is most of Indonesian prefer to distribute their zakat directly to the muzakki, hence it is unrecorded.

<em>The impact of the covid-19 pandemic has reduced the economic and financial sectors. The decline has an impact of the activities and economic activities of the community. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the financial performance of rural banks (BPR) before and during the covid-19 pandemic. The research methode used is a quantitative comparative study. The result of this study are that financial performance as measured by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) during the pandemic is still quite healthy both before the pandemic. The relatively strong capital ratio during the pandemic explains that BPR’s are still stable in resisting the shock caused by the covid-19 pandemic. In contrast to ROA, BOPO and NPL during the pandemic, BPR’s were unable to obtain maximum profit due to the decline in lending by BPR’s, however, DPK fund obtained by BPRs actually increased and the gap suppressed profitability especially ROA. The effect of the covid-19 pandemic have made the performance of BPR inefficient because the costs incurred are greater than the income. Although the BOPO trend continues to increase during the covid-19 pandemic, it is still in the healty category. The amount of BPR’s NPL both before the pandemic and during the pandemic is quite worrying because it has a ratio of more than 5%. Based on his analysis, it can be concluded that during the pandemic, rural bank are still strong enough to withstand shock, but must always be maintained in terms of credit distribution quality and cost efficiency</em>

Ramadan in the year of 2020 is the witness of global pandemic caused by the spread of Covid-19 that significantly alters human behaviors. In response to the current phenomenon, the present study is conducted to scrutinize how the holy month of Ramadan and global pandemic affect human religiosity and donating behaviors. To this end, this study employed a web-based questionnaire to gather the required data from 128 Indonesians who were voluntarily participated upon invitation. Using WarpPLS to analyze the data, the results showed that there was a significant influence of global pandemic situation and Ramadan on the level of religiosity. Moreover, the pandemic situation also encouraged the exist growth of donation institutions. This study further revealed the positive impact of the holy month of Ramadan and religiosity on human donating behaviors. In other words, Ramadan and global pandemic increased the level of human religiosity and the existence of donation institutions, as a results, their donating behaviors were also improved. However, this study found that the existence of donation institutions did not have any influence on human donating behaviors. These results offer an implication that Ramadan and global pandemic obviously provide a direct impact on religiosity and human donating behaviors.