Limited land in the downtown area as well as the increasing amount of new activities centre causes residential development leads to North Balikpapan. This area is an urban fringe with vast protected forests as buffer zone and catchment area for the city and surrounding area. Land conversion in this area will increase hazard risk of inundation, water quality decrease and increased CO2 emissions. Therefore, development should be maintained environmental stability. One of the rights applicated approach is carbon footprint that is capable to measure the balance between production and absorption needs of CO2 emissions. To find the optimal land allocation, we used carbon footprint calculation from the household activities, identify the factors of settlement growth, and use Linear Programming analysis. Analysis’ results show that settlement activities in North Balikpapan produce 108.362,4 tCO2/year or equivalent with 618,50 Ha green space. Meanwhile, the development of settlement in North Balikpapan is affected by social demographic, developer initiative, environmental condition, public facilities availability, economical structure, and policy factors. According to those factors, optimal allocation of settlement area in North Balikpapan is only about 4,510.01 Ha. With that condition, it still able to absorb CO2 emissions from inside or outside the area around 2.751 tCO2/year.
Abstrak: Daya dukung lingkungan Kabupaten Gresik mengalami ketidakseimbangan dalam mewadahi setiap peningkatan kegiatan akibat pertumbuhan penduduk dan perubahan guna lahan yang semakin intensif. Ditandai dengan adanya ketidakseimbangan antara supply daya dukung lingkungan dan konsumsi sumber daya alam dimana perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kabupaten Gresik berakibat pada kerusakan ekologis seperti penurunan produktivitas lahan, krisis air, bencana banjir, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen daya dukung optimasi penggunaan lahan di Kabupaten Gresik. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui pendekatan telapak ekologis dimana dapat diukur tingkat konsumsi sumber daya alam dan kemampuan lahan dalam menyediakan kebutuhan konsumsi tersebut dalam satuan lahan global hektar (gha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biokapasitas Kabupaten Gresik mencapai 319.179,6 gha yang banyak tersebar di wilayah periurban. Prosentase biokapasitas tertinggi pada jenis lahan pertanian sebesar 53.92%. Meskipun demikian biokapasitas tersebut tidak sebanding dengan konsumsi telapak ekologis yang mencapai 1.63 juta gha terutama pada wilayah urban akibat tingginya populasi dan aktivitas kegiatan. Hal ini memperkuat kondisi ketidakseimbangan daya dukung lingkungan di Kabupaten Gresik yang sudah mengalami defisit ekologis sebesar 1.04 gha/kapita. Semua jenis lahan mengalami kondisi deficit dan hanya jenis lahan peternakan yang mengalami kondisi surplus sebesar 0.05 gha/kapita. Hasil pemetaan kondisi defisit ekologis menunjukkan bahwa optimasi penggunaan lahan perlu dilakukan dengan penerapan pembangunan kota kompak (Compact City) sehingga pembangunan mudah dikendalikan dan terjadi efisiensi penggunaan energi. Selain itu juga perlu penerapan sistem agropolitan melalui peningkatkan produktifitas lahan pada wilayah peri urban sebagai supply sumber daya utama di wilayah Kabupaten Gresik.Kata kunci: lahan, optimasi lahan, telapak ekologis Abstract: Environmental capacity in Gresik Regency is imbalance condition in accommodating every increase of activity due to population growth and intensive land use change. It is marked by the disproportion between environmental capacity and nature resource consumption where the land use change in Gresik Regency gave impact to ecological damage such as land productivity degradation, water scarcity, flood, and environmental pollution. This research aims to determine the carrying capacity components in the optimization of land use in Gresik Regency. The method used is through ecological 1 Korespondensi Penulis: Prodi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota ITS Surabaya
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