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There are only a few smelters processing copper concentrates directly into blister copper. Despite the many advantages of this process, a serious challenge of this technology is the need to process the resulting flash smelting slag. It contains 12–15% copper and 2.5–4% lead. In this form, it cannot be considered as waste material and, therefore, a high-temperature reduction process is carried out. This decopperization process is energy- and time-consuming. The use of mineralurgical and hydrometallurgical processes, selective enrichment of the appropriate slag fractions in copper and lead, followed by its hydrometallurgical processing and recovery of Cu and Pb could be an interesting supplement to the methods used so far. The article presents results of research on the possibility of separation of useful components from copper slag using the original method of sieve analysis, gravitational enrichment and magnetic separation. Preliminary results of tests were made on a laboratory scale. Then, selective leaching of copper and lead from flash smelting slag was carried out, obtaining very promising results.

A new method of falsification of the mathematical model of the processes taking place inside the aluminium electrolysis cell has been proposed. The method is based on the comparison of the calculation results of the entropy generation rates obtained in theoretical way with the exergy losses estimated from global exergy balance equation. Following irreversible processes have been analyzed -electric current flow, diffusion at the cathode, heat and electric current flow through the anode and cathode, irreversible carbon combustion, heat transfer from electrolyser to the surroundings and convection inside the electrolyte. Exergy balance calculations have been based on the experimental results from industry. The proposed procedure shows good accuracy between mathematical model and experimental data.Keywords: energy, entropy generation rate, mathematical modeling W artykule zaproponowano metodę falsyfikacji modelu matematycznego procesów jednostkowych zachodzących w elektrolizerze aluminium poprzez porównanie wartości sumarycznego źródła entropii z wartością strat egzergii wynikającą z zamknięcia globalnego bilansu egzergii. Wiarygodność porównania uściślono poprzez uzgodnienie bilansów substancji i energii. Wyniki obliczeń oparto na bezpośrednich pomiarach przemysłowych. Stwierdzono dobrą zgodność modelu matematycznego z wynikami pomiarów.

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