Zusammenfassung in der regensburger Katamnesestudie an forensischen Patienten werden prä-und poststationäre Verläufe nachgezeichnet sowie Prädiktoren eines positiven therapieabschlusses und bewährungsverlaufes extrahiert; auch Patienten-Feedbacks finden Berücksichtigung. Vorgestellt wird hier die gruppe der gemäß § 64 Stgb untergebrachten Suchtkranken (n = 662). Der Katamnesezeitraum beträgt mindestens ein Jahr. Die Rücklaufquote ist mit 81 % hoch. Die bedingt entlassenen Patienten leben zu über 65 % meist durchgängig abstinent. Die Legalbewährung, analysiert wird jedes strafbare Verhalten unabhängig von der tatsächlichen strafrechtlichen Verfolgung, gelingt bei 81 % der Teilnehmer. Ist bei den ehemaligen § 64-Stgb-Patienten eine soziale integration erreichbar und sind sie mit dem erreichten zufrieden, wirkt sich das positiv aus. Auch eine spezialisierte Nachsorge hat protektives Potenzial. Schlüsselwörter Katamnese · Maßregelvollzug · RückfallkriminalitätCan patients coming from indefinite detention be resocialized?the regensburg follow-up study Abstract in the regensburg follow-up study pre-inpatient and post-inpatient clinical courses are delineated and predictors for successful completion of therapy have been extracted and feed-back of examinees was also taken into consideration (n = 662). The catamnestic interval was a minimal of 1 year and the response rate was 81%. Of the addicts 65% have consistently been abstinent since their release. Recidivism was prevented in 81% whereby all chargeable conducts were analyzed independent of the actual criminal prosecution. -If social integration was accomplished in former § 64 Stgb patients and if they were satisfied with the targets achieved, this was considered to have had a positive effect. A specialized follow-up also proved to have protective potential.

Previous research has shown that forensic psychiatric treatment reduces reoffending, rehospitalization and premature mortality. Treatment outcome varies with diagnosis, but little is known about the influence of sex, psychosocial adjustment and aftercare. To assess these variables, we interviewed male and female patients discharged from three psychiatric security hospitals in Germany in the years 2010–2017. Participants were interviewed at discharge (n = 609) and 1 year later (n = 366) about reoffending, readmissions, substance use and psychosocial adjustment. Among patients with substance use disorder (SUD), 14% reoffended, 20% were re‐hospitalized and 60% maintained abstinence. Among patients with severe mental disorder, 5% reoffended and 13% were re‐hospitalized. Significant sex differences were found in offenders with SUD. The results suggest that sociodemographic and disorder‐related risk factors are associated with treatment success and that female patients with SUD might need a specific treatment approach. Sex‐specific aspects, diagnosis and psychosocial adjustment should be considered in forensic psychiatric treatment and risk assessment.

This study examined associations between criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment and variables related to either the time before the current forensic treatment, or the current forensic treatment, or the follow‐up after discharge. Participants were treated in 12 forensic clinics according to section 63 of the German penal code. A patient was classified as a criminal recidivist when the patient or the aftercare reported that the patient was delinquent at follow‐up. Patients without criminal recidivism were patients for which both perspectives (patient and aftercare) reported no delinquency at follow‐up. Mann–Whitney U‐tests and Fisher's exact tests were performed. Data to classify patients were available for N = 249 patients. Fifteen patients (6%) were classified as criminal recidivists. The follow‐up was M = 12.58 (SD = 1.84) months, and the criminal acts occurred M = 6.00 (SD = 5.55) months after discharge. Differences between patients with and without criminal recidivism were found in pretreatment (young age at first crime, early onset of mental disorder, previous forensic treatments), treatment‐related (disorder due to psychoactive substance use, gradual release abuses, outbreaks, assaults against staff, criminal act during treatment, type of discharge, outcome ratings), as well as follow‐up variables (no specified housing situation, not being abstinent from psychoactive substances, inpatient readmission, course of outpatient treatment, course of mental disorder) (all p < 0.05). To conclude, it is important to consider variables related to the time before the current treatment, treatment‐related variables, and variables related to the follow‐up to identify the patients at risk of criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment.

Complex trends in occupancy determined by many influencing factors, clear state-specific differences in imprisonment practices as well as recently implemented statutory alterations to the appropriate paragraphs in criminal law, underline the necessity for qualitative high-grade concomitant research of German forensic commitment; however, neither the structural prerequisites nor an adequate data situation are currently present in order to do justification to this aim. Not even the total number of patients currently accommodated in forensic commitment can be elucidated from the publicized (partial) statistics. This consensus paper, which was formulated by three research institutes active at the state level, describes the limited possibilities for current forensic healthcare research and raises the demand for a nationwide uniform data situation on patients in forensic commitment. Furthermore, how the appropriate elicitation instrument should be organizationally and structurally achieved, is sketched from a scientific perspective. This article aims at initiating a discussion on a sustainable improvement in the prerequisites for healthcare research in German forensic commitment and targets a sensitization of decision makers in politics and administration for this topic.

Forensic-psychiatric treatment contributes to rehabilitation and reduces risk factors of mentally disordered offenders.