Latar belakang: Pondok pesantren merupakan tempat berkumpulnya para santri dari berbagai daerah. Tempat ini dikenal memiliki banyak problematika kesehatan, mulai dari kebersihan diri hingga kebersihan lingkungan. Kebersihan lingkungan sekitar maupun di dalam kamar ditentukan oleh kebiasaan sehari-hari santri. Kurangnya kepedulian dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan dapat berisiko munculnya penyakit, diantaranya scabies (gudik). Tujuan: untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku santri di kawasan pondok terkait kejadian scabies sebagai analisis dasar pemberian training kader kesehatan. Metode: Ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data wawancara terstruktur dengan kuesioner. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMA/MA Unggulan Nuris yang tergabung dalam ekstrakurikuler PMR. Penelitian dilakukan Oktober-November 2019 di SMA/MA Unggulan Nuris Jember. Hasil: Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik terkait kebersihan diri dan lingkungan. Juga sebagian besar sikap mereka cenderung setuju terhadap aktivitas kebersihan diri dan lingkungan. Namun, dalam hasil perilaku/kebiasaan sehari-hari mereka, terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu menjadi perhatian. Sebagian besar (73%) santri saling meminjam sarung/kerudung dengan temannya; dan sebagian besar (57%) masih sesekali saling pinjam pakaian dengan temannya; juga masih ada yang saling meminjam peralatan mandi pribadi seperti sabun mandi, sikat gigi, dan handuk; hampir sebagian (43%) siswa menggunakan pakaian yang sama lebih dari 1 hari; hampir sebagian (47%) juga tidak mandi setelah beraktivitas/berolahraga; dan hampir sebagian (47%) hanya sesekali menebah tempat tidur saat setelah maupun hendak ditiduri. Oleh karena itu kebiasaan tersebut perlu diubah. Perilaku dapat diubah dengan adanya keteladanan dari sesama santri yang ditunjuk menjadi kader kesehatan agar santri tahu, mau dan mampu hidup bersih dan sehat. Selanjutnya dilakukan training terhadap anggota PMR yang kemudian menjadi kader kesehatan dalam upaya pengendalian kebersihan lingkungan dan menekan angka kejadian scabies di pondok pesantren. Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi: meskipun memiliki pengetahuan dan sikap yang cukup baik, namun beberapa perilaku santri masih berpotensi dalam meningkatnya kejadian scabies atau penyakit kulit lainnya. Diharapkan ada pemantauan berkala terhadap kebersihan lingkungan dan perilaku santri setelah dilakukan training dan dibentuknya kader kesehatan.

ABSTRAK Strategi DOTS merupakan program pengendalian tuberkulosis. Program ini dilaksanakan oleh Puskesmas TanahKalikedinding dan diharapkan dapat mencapai CDR ≥ 70% dan SR ≥ 85%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program DOTS di puskesmas yang hasilnya dikaitkan dengan capaian indikator tuberkulosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancang bangun deskriptif dengan populasi yaitu semua dokter spesialis paru, petugas TB dan petugas laboratorium serta pasien tuberkulosis paru. Teknik sampling dengan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara kuesioner dan checklist. Variabel penelitian ini adalah penemuan kasus, pengobatan, faktor pendorong dan faktor penghambat, pencatatan dan pelaporan, dan capaian berdasarkan indikator tuberkulosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CDR tahun 2013 adalah 112% memenuhi target nasional ≥ 70%. Keberhasilan ini terkait dengan penjaringan suspek hampir seluruhnya (87,5%) adalah batuk >2 minggu dan semua (100%) pasien dilakukan pemeriksaan dahak dan diperiksa sesuai alur diagnosis dalam pedoman Depkes RI. Sedangkan SR tahun 2013 adalah 65,5% belum memenuhi target ≥ 85%. Hal ini terkait dengan masih ada pasien yang tidak memiliki pengawas menelan obat. Semua (100%) pasien pernah lupa menelan obat anti tuberkulosis. Perubahan jadwal kunjungan pada fase lanjutan menjadi 2×/ bulan menyebabkan pasien lupa menelan obat anti tuberkulosis. Faktor pendorong berupa penyuluhan rutin oleh petugas di puskesmas. Faktor penghambat yaitu jarak menuju puskesmas sebagian besar (65,6%) pasien adalah > 1 km. Sehingga dibutuhkan kendaraan untuk menuju ke puskesmas. Pencatatan dan pelaporan menggunakan sistem elektronik dan dilaporkan secara online. Sehingga untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan diharapkan semua pasien tuberkulosis memiliki pengawas menelan obat dan optimalisasi peran pengawas menelan obat.Kata kunci: strategi DOTS, Angka Penemuan Kasus, Angka Keberhasilan Pengobatan, evaluasi, tuberkulosis ABSTRACT Strategy DOTS is the tuberculosis control programs. The program has implemented in Tanah Kalikedinding Health Center and has expected to reach CDR ≥ 70% and SR ≥ 85%, which closely related to the management of health centers. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the DOTS program in health center whose the results associated with indicators of tuberculosis. This was a descriptive design study with the population was all pulmonary specialist, tuberculosis offi cers and laboratory personnel and pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The number of Tuberculosis

The number of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia is increasing every year. HIV/AIDS surveillance is the most effective way to control the spreading of HIV/AIDS cases. This study aims to describe the implementation of HIV/AIDS surveillance in Jember. This paper was a descriptive study that included all public health centers (PHCs) conducting HIV/AIDS surveillance. The sample was the Jember District Departement of Health Office and four PHCs using purposive sampling. Variables in this study were input, process, and output. The data was obtained from an interview using a questionnaire. The results indicated that the four PHCs did not have an epidemiologist. Data collection mostly derived from Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) and mobile VCT. Processing HIV/AIDS surveillance data utilized the HIV/AIDS and STDs Information System (SIHA) application and validated by the District Department of Health Office once a month. However, only two PHCs conducted analysis and data interpretation. Dissemination was only done by the District Departement of Health Office and 2 out of 4 PHCs. Hence, the components and process of surveillance needed to be optimized.

Strategy DOTS is the tuberculosis control programs. The program has implemented in Tanah Kalikedinding Health Center and has expected to reach CDR ≥ 70% and SR ≥ 85%, which closely related to the management of health centers. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the DOTS program in health center whose the results associated with indicators of tuberculosis. This was a descriptive design study with the population was all pulmonary specialist, tuberculosis officers and laboratory personnel and pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The number of Tuberculosis patient respondents was 32 respondents. Samples were chosen using purposive sampling. Data collected by interview questionnaire and checklist. The variables were the finding case, the TB treatment, the enabling factor and inhibiting factor, recording and reporting, and result of tuberculosis indicators. This study resulted that CDR in 2013 was 112% already reached the national target ≥ 70%. This success related to the finding case almost all patients > 2 weeks of cought and all (100%) patients were examinated sputum and diagnosed according to the steps of tuberculosis diagnosis in Indonesia Department of Health guidelines. While SR in 2013 was 65.5% did not reach the target ≥ 85%. It was caused of there are patients who did not have a taking drug observer (PMO). All (100%) patients ever forgot taking anti tuberculosis drugs. Change in schedule of visit to the continuation phase be 2×/month caused patients to forget taking anti tuberculosis drugs. The enabling factor was counseling routinely by health care workers in health center. Inhibiting factor was distance to health center by majority (65,5%) patients were > 1 km. So they needed vehicle to go to the health center. Recording and reporting using electronic systems and being reported by online. So it is expected all TB patients were expected have a taking drug observer and optimizing the role of the a taking drug observer to increase success rate.Keywords: DOTS strategy, Case Detection Rate, Success Rate, evaluation,                     Tuberculosis

<p><em>A person can be infected with tuberculosis (TB) simply by inhaling the bacteria that are spread in the air. Tuberculosis can be fatal for someone if it is not treated immediately, but TB can be cured if you take the medicine properly and correctly. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of TB disease based on person, place and time at Arjasa Subdistrict, Jember Regency. The type of research used was descriptive quantitative. This research was conducted at Arjasa Primary Healthcare from January to February 2023. The population and sample in this study were all TB patients at Arjasa Primary Healthcare from 2019 to 2022. The variables in this study were person variables (age, gender, type of TB, treatment status), place (village), time (year), achievement success rate (SR), and achievement case detection rate (CDR). Data analysis is in the form of descriptive analysis and is presented in the form of tables and graphs. Based on the results of the analysis, there is no difference between women and men, the most age is adults, the most type of TB is pulmonary TB, and the most treatment status is cured, based on most places, namely Arjasa Village and Kemuninglor, based on the most time, namely in 2022 as many as 60 people, based on the SR the achievements have decreased and have not reached the target, while the CDR has increased but has not reached the target. It is hoped that the Arjasa Primary Healthcare will improve SR and CDR achievements by involving NGOs related to TB, community leaders, religious leaders, the sub-district government, or the local village government.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords: <strong><em><span lang="EN-US">D</span><span lang="IN">escriptive </span><span lang="EN-US">E</span><span lang="IN">pidemiology,</span><span lang="EN-US"> P</span><span lang="IN">erson, </span><span lang="EN-US">P</span><span lang="IN">lace, </span><span lang="EN-US">T</span><span lang="IN">ime</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span lang="EN-US">T</span><span lang="IN">uberculosis</span></em></strong></strong><br /></em></p>