Kusumawardana A, Pujiasmanto B, Pardono. 2018. Tetrazolium test for evaluating viability of Capsicum annum seeds. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 142-145. Seed quality is important in seeds production. This research was conducted to obtain information of topographical tetrazolium staining pattern of pepper (Capsicum annum) seeds. Tetrazolium test was conducted to determine the seed viability and plant growth vigor. Laboratory test for standard germination and field performances were performed on four lots (A, B, C, D) of pepper seeds. The viability categories pattern were determined by Root Mean Square (RMS), regression, and correlation analyses. Nine topographical patterns were recognized. The laboratory test results and field performances were compared with the topographical pattern. Combination of patterns 1,2 (embryonic axis and cotyledon completely stained) selected as viable category as it gave the least RMS value, the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with standard germination (RMS = 4, 06; R² = 0,761; r = 0,872). Combination of patterns 1,2 also gave the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with field stand (R² = 0,921; r = 0,959). The combination of patterns 1,2 is recommended for estimating plant growth performance in the field.

<p>Kecepatan berkecambah yang rendah merupakan indikator kemunduran benih. Pengujian vigor dengan metode uji pemunculan akar pada benih cabai dilakukan untuk menduga pertumbuhan tanaman di lapangan. Makin tinggi nilai uji pemunculan akar maka vigor benih makin tinggi. Jika laju pemunculan radikula pada benih berjalan lambat, vigor benih tersebut dinyatakan rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan jumlah kemunculan radikula pada empat lot benih cabai pada suhu berganti 2030°C selama 168 jam. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan satu faktor, yaitu lot benih berupa empat varietas cabai (Sret, Laskar, Serambi, dan Madun) dengan delapan ulangan. Perhitungan koefisien korelasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui keeratan hubungan antara nilai uji pemunculan radikula dengan tolok ukur pengujian yang lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan radikula tertinggi terjadi pada 120 jam. Jumlah pemunculan radikula berkorelasi positif dengan daya berkecambah (r=0,907), indeks vigor (r=0,864), kecepatan tumbuh (r=0,727), dan daya tumbuh (r=0,935). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa uji vigor pemunculan radikula benih cabai yang dilakukan pada suhu 2030°C selama 120 jam (5 hari) dapat digunakan untuk menilai mutu benih cabai.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Benih cabai; Daya tumbuh; Mutu benih; Pemunculan radikula</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Low germination is an indicator of seed deterioration. Vigour testing using radicle emergence on pepper  seeds was done to predict plant growth in field. The higher radicle emergence found, the higher the seed vigour occurred. If the rate of radicle was slow, the seed vigour was also low. The objective of this study was to compare the number of radicles emergence on four pepper seed lots at 2030°C for 168 hours. This study used a completely randomized design with one factor, seed lot four variety of pepper (Sret, Laskar, Serambi, and Madun) with eight replication. Calculation of coefficients correlation was done to calculate the relationship between radicle emergence and on other testing. The highest of radicles emergence occurred at 120 hours. The number of radicle emergence had positive correlation with germination (r = 0.907), vigour index (r = 0.864), speed of growth (r = 0.727), and field emergence (r = 0.935). From this research, it can be concluded that the vigour test in pepper seeds using radicle emergence was performed at 2030°C for 120 hours (5 days).</p>

Globalization has a social impact in the form of poverty. Meanwhile, poverty data in West Java Province, Indonesia, will increase in 2021 by 999,960 people. In addition to education, a country's poverty level shows its citizens' welfare. Therefore the poverty level in that country must be considered. In the Sustainable Development Goals, poverty is the priority scale to be considered. Therefore, forecasting is quite crucial in planning to know in advance what will happen. ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrative Moving Average) is a modeling approach that can calculate the probability of a future value between two specified limits. This study predicts the number of poor people in West Java Province, Indonesia, from 2022 to 2025. The data used are 15 years from 2007 to 2021 and are processed with the Eviews computer program to see patterns and results in the ARIMA model. The modeling stage starts from data stationarity testing, model identification, model estimation, and model verification to forecasting. Based on the results of this study, the prediction results of the number of poor people in 2022 are 3,618,866; in 2023, it will be 3,512,758; in 2024, there will be 3,406,651, and in 2025 it will be 3,300,543 people. This forecasting uses the ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrative Moving Average) model (1, 2, 1) as the most accurate method with MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation) error parameters of 1,751,747, MSE (Mean Square Error) of 6,977,202,252. 995 and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) of 8%.