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This work is focused on deserts, as extreme environments, because the year 2006 has been declared Year of Deserts and Desertification by the United Nations (IYDD Program 2006). The loss of vital resources such as fresh water and soil, and the depletion of biodiversity are emerging hazards, able to transform beneficial situations into extreme environments. Desertification is generated by land degradation: the loss of biological productivity is caused by nature or by human-induced factors and climate change. Nearby the desertification process there is the increasing process of salinisation of soil and water, induced by irrigation itself, or by salt water ingress derived by tsunamis or hurricanes. Increased research on the development of salt-tolerant cultivars could, with appropriate management, result in the broader use of saline soils. Although careful application is necessary, the combination of sand, seawater, sun and salt-tolerant plants presents a valuable opportunity for many developing countries. Cooperation among plant ecologists, plant physiologists, plant breeders, soil scientists, and agricultural engineers could accelerate the development of economic salt tolerant crops. If saline water is available, the introduction of salt tolerant plants in poor regions can improve food or fuel supplies, increase employment, help stem desertification, and contribute to soil reclamation.

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Sustainability has been evolving in tandem with societal progress, and as humankind advances, the vision and quality of sustainable development will also change, and most likely in ways that are as yet unpredictable. Sustainability might be incrementally achieved through the integration of economics with biology, philosophy, and neurology. It might also be realized by enhancing our knowledge, our sense and appreciation of environmental beauty and by qualitative and authentic improvements of places, especially tourism destinations. At the end, changes in the physical world only come through changes in human mentality and consciousness. In recent decades, the human mind has been producing exponential changes, though some of these have been delivered in perhaps less than desirable directions. Sustainability, in this sense, is an unending process of moving toward positive outcomes, defined by shifting human beliefs, desires, knowledge, and experiences. Health concerns have always prevented the desires and myths of traveling, but COVID 19 is also precluding the needs of moving.

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