Nanoscience has emerged as a fascinating field of science, with its implementation in multiple applications in the form of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has recently been more impactful in diverse sectors such as the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture sector, and food market. The peculiar properties which make nanoparticles as an asset are their large surface area and their size, which ranges between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm). Various technologies, such as chemical and biological processes, are being used to synthesize nanoparticles. The green chemistry route has become extremely popular due to its use in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Nanomaterials are versatile and impactful in different day to day applications, resulting in their increased utilization and distribution in human cells, tissues, and organs. Owing to the deployment of nanoparticles at a high demand, the need to produce nanoparticles has raised concerns regarding environmentally friendly processes. These processes are meant to produce nanomaterials with improved physiochemical properties that can have significant uses in the fields of medicine, physics, and biochemistry. Among a plethora of nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles have emerged as the most investigated and used nanoparticle. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become vital entities of study due to their distinctive properties which the scientific society aims to investigate the uses of. The current review addresses the modern expansion of AgNP synthesis, characterization, and mechanism, as well as global applications of AgNPs and their limitations.

With the advancement of technologies, the evolution of nanoscience is occurring at a rapid pace. The demand for nanomaterials in various industries has increased. However, they may pose an increased risk upon exposure to living organisms, demanding toxicological studies. Although risk assessment of nanomaterials is a challenge due to their varieties in sizes and variability in properties, different methodologies of toxicity screenings have been used successfully to evaluate the potential risks. Although nanotechnology has contributed to technology development and well-being, information in these fields is still incomplete. Fortunately, those areas are under continuous research, and there are increasing experimental efforts in determining the environmental effects on humans exposed to nanoparticles. Since the field of nanotechnology is continuously expanding, we need medium-to high throughput nanotoxicity screenings to determine any potential risks caused by nanomaterials. Zebrafish, a well-established model for mammalian research, have advantages when used in these toxicity screenings. This review describes various kinds of toxicities induced in zebrafish embryos by different kinds of nanoparticles. A significant number of experimental data from toxicological studies are also presented that determine nanomaterials' effects, which can be modulated or further mitigated to create a positive impact on living organisms.

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