In this work we record the highest number of bat flies species among those already performed in the Brazilian cerrado and discuss the associations and patterns of parasitism of these species and their hosts. A total of 1,390 ectoparasitic flies were collected, belonging to 24 species of Streblidae and one of Nycteribiidae, parasitizing 227 bats of 15 species. Among the species found, the presence of Trichobius sp. on Lonchophylla mordax and the first occurrence of Hershkovitzia sp. on Thyroptera devivoi are highlighted. Lophostoma species presented the highest proportion of individuals with infracommunities and the highest values of parasitological indexes. The high number of bat fly species and hosts, as well as the high values for rates of parasitism and infracommunities, suggests that this area of cerrado has good shelter conditions for these species. The abundance of species and high rates of parasitism detracts from the hypothesis that a higher mean intensity of ectoparasites results from lower competition among flies for hosts in areas with lower ectoparasite species richness. Biogeographical and historical factors of host populations, besides the number of host species and individuals sampled, may contribute to species number and intensity of parasitism.

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Evidence of sylvatic yellow fever was first reported in Atlantic Forest areas in Espírito Santo, Brazil, during a yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in 1931. An entomological survey was conducted in six forest sites during and after an outbreak reported ~80 years after the last case in the area. Among 10,658 mosquitoes of 78 species, Haemagogus leucocelaenus, and Hg. janthinomys/capricornii were considered the main vectors as they had a relatively high abundance, co-occurred in essentially all areas, and showed high YFV infection rates. Sabethes chloropterus, Sa. soperi, Sa. identicus, Aedes aureolineatus, and Shannoniana fluviatilis may have a secondary role in transmission. This is the first report of Sa. identicus, Ae. aureolineatus, and Sh. fluviatilis infected with YFV. Our study emphasizes the importance of entomological monitoring and maintenance of high vaccination coverage in receptive areas to YFV transmission.

The mosquito genus Wyeomyia (Diptera: Culicidae) includes 17 subgenera and 140 species, 30 of which are without subgeneric placement. The taxonomic history of the unplaced species is summarized and the validity of Wy. compta Senevet & Abonnenc is discussed based on examination of the type material. It is clear that the description of Wy. compta was based on specimens belonging to two different species. The holotype adult female is identical to Wy. argenteorostris (Bonne-Wepster & Bonne) whereas the characters described from a larval exuviae mounted on the same slide with the holotype of Wy. albocaerulea Senevet & Abonnenc coincide with those which characterize the subgenus Dodecamyia. Since the larval exuviae cannot be definitely associated with the holotype female and it belongs to either Wy. aphobema Dyar or another species of the subgenus Dodecamyia, it cannot be afforded type status. Therefore, Wy. compta is synonymized with Wy. argenteorostris.

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