Financial inclusion has been a trend since post 2008 crisis especially derived from the effects of the crisis towards the class in the bottom of the pyramid. Financial inclusion rate in Indonesia, if seen from three main indicators, is still low. Indonesians who have an account in financial institutions is at 35,95 percent and those who save is at 25,56 percent. Meanwhile, Indonesians who borrow in formal financial institutions are only at 13,3 percent. This study aims to examine individual characteristics in influencing three main indicators of financial inclusion, the ownership of the account, saving, and borrowing from formal financial institution in Indonesia. The data used is the micro-level data with 1000 respondents of the Indonesian population obtained from Global Findex 2014 issued by the World Bank. In accordance with the objectives of this study, the method used is the logit regression model.The results of the research shows that individual characteristics such as income level, education level, and age significantly affect ownership and savings accounts in formal financial institutions. While gender has no significant effect. In the third indicator which is the borrowing from formal financial institutions, only the poorest income quintile and age has a significant effect.
This study aims to determine the contribution of teacher work motivation to teacher professionalism, the principal's contribution to teacher professionalism, and the contribution of work motivation and the role of school principals to teacher professionalism. The population of the study was all civil servant teachers in SMA Negeri Salatiga with number of population 209 people and the sample are 131 people. The samples were chosen by using proportional random sampling technique. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaire and hypothesis testing with regression. The results showed, (1) there was a positive and significant contribution t of work motivation on teacher professionalism of 92.2%, (2)there was a positive and significant contribution of the role of the principal on the teacher professionalism of 90.2%, and (3) there was a positive and significant contribution of work motivation and the role of the principal on professionalism teachers at 93.1%. It is hoped that further research will find out other factors that contribute ot teacher professionalism.
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