Fifty three alkaloids were identified in the organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds) of Datura innoxia by GC/MS. Seventeen of them are reported for the first time for this species and one nor-derivative, 3-phenylacetoxynortropane (28), for the genus Datura. Furthermore, four new tropane esters were tentatively identified as 3-acetoxy-6,7-epoxytropane (acetylscopine) (10), 3-acetoxy-6-propionyloxy-7-hydroxytropane (15), 6,7-dehydro- 3-phenylacetoxy tropane (25), and 3-(2´-phenylpropionyloxy)-6,7-epoxynortropane (dihydroaponorscopolamine) (37) on the basis of their mass spectral data. Hyoscyamine (44) and scopolamine (48) figure as main alkaloids in the roots and aerial parts, respectively
Résumé -Introduction : Datura stramonium L., du nom local Chdeq ej-jmel, est utilisé en médecine traditionnelle marocaine. Matériels et méthodes : L'extrait organique issu des graines sèches réduites en poudre de Datura stramonium L. récoltées dans la région de Kénitra (ouest marocain) a été analysé par chromatographie gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Résultats : L'analyse a permis l'identification de huit alcaloïdes tropaniques, dont le 6-hydroxyatropine et le 6-hydroxyapoatropine qui sont détectés pour la première fois dans les graines de cette espèce. Par ailleurs, les analyses en chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse ont confirmé que l'atropine et la scopolamine sont les alcaloïdes majoritaires. Discussion et conclusion : Ces deux agents antimuscariniques sont responsables, selon la dose, de sédation ou de délires hallucinatoires recherchés par les usagers.
Mots clés : Datura stramonium L., graines, alcaloïdes tropaniques, CPG-SM, CLHP-SM
Abstract -Introduction: Datura stramonium L. (Chdeq ej-jmel)is a traditional medicine used in Morocco. Materials and methods: Qualitative analyses of the basic extract of tropane alkaloids in seeds of Datura stramonium L. collected in the region of Kénitra (west of Morroco) were carried out by GC/MS. Results and discussion: Eight tropane alkaloids were identified. Six of these alkaloids were described in previous works, and the other two (6-hydroxyatropine and 6-hydroxyapoatropine) are reported for the first time for this species in the present work. On the other hand, analyses by LC/MS confirmed that atropine and scopolamine are the main tropane alkaloids in seeds of Datura stramonium L. Conclusion: These two drugs are involved in the hallucinogenic and sedative effects of the plant.
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