This paper presents studies on the possibility of utilization of technogenic waste from the metallurgical industry by the method of complex processing in order to reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment of the region with the example of the zinc silicate-magnetite-carbon system. The selected sample of clinker dump from welting was subjected to chemical and scanning electron microscopic analyses and thermodynamic modeling. Thermodynamic studies were carried out in the temperature range 1600–2200 K and pressure p = 0.1 MPa, modeling the process of electric melting of clinker from welting in an arc furnace using the software application Astra 4 developed at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Moscow, Russian Federation). As a result of the thermodynamic modeling, the optimal temperature range was established, which was 1800–1900 K. Thermodynamic studies established that it is possible to drive away zinc from the system under study by 99–100% in the entire temperature range under study. The maximum degree of silicon extraction (αSi) in the alloy is up to 69.44% at T = 1900 K, and the degree of iron extraction (αFe) in the alloy is up to 99.996%. In particular, it was determined and proved that clinker waste from welting can act as a secondary technogenic raw material when it is processed as a mono mixture to produce iron silicides with a silicon content of 18 to 28%.

The biological variety of aquatic ecosystems is significantly impacted by the chemical and microbiological composition of water bodies, and there is strong reciprocal feedback between these two factors, especially for reservoirs, which can and do have a significant impact on neighboring ecosystems. Today there is an acute need to identify the most effective and economically feasible methods for cleaning and restoring water bodies. Therefore, the aim of the study was to find strains of microorganisms which are capable of biodegrading such problematic pollutants as insoluble phosphates and excess nitrogenous compounds and at the same time, are capable of suppressing the bacterial composition in reservoir waters. In the course of the research, a number of the most active strains of microorganisms were isolated from lake water samples. Five isolates were obtained from salt water and the isolates were then identified using morphological, and biochemical techniques, as well as the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In addition to the characterization and identification of the isolates, the species-specific levels of phosphate solubilizing, and nitrifying activities were also established. Thus, all isolated strains were studied and characterized, and their influence on the content of minerals such as phosphorus and nitrogen, which are important for living organisms in water, was studied. In summary, the Pseudomonas Extrem-Orientalis isolate was observed to be highly effective in solubilizing phosphates, nitrifying, and had the greatest antagonistic capacity among the investigated isolates. The information gleaned from the study’s findings helps raise more awareness in the field of microbiology and water treatment in general. The findings offer promise for the development of biopreparations with bioremediation capabilities for cleaning polluted water bodies of pollutants from various sources.

Circaea lutetiana is a medicinal plant in the Onagraceae family. The plant has been used for the treatment of wounds. As its chemical composition possesses valuable components, the infusion has been drunk or washed for treatment of injuries. The paper identified the chemical components of the leaves and stems of the plant Circaea lutetiana. The compositions of Circaea lutetiana leaves and stems were extracted with hexane and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method of peak area normalization was used to identify 22 compounds. Among them, The primary compounds (leaves and stems) are esters (30,799%), alkanes (12,69%), fatty acids (carboxylic acids), oxo-fatty acids (7,038%), phytosterols (3,43%), triterpenoids (3,01%). Analysis of each part of the plant (stems, leaves, and fruits) and more detailed information on the specific plants were investigated.

The study aims to isolate fungi from lichens of the Magadan region (Russia) and evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal activity. Fourteen species of lichen from the Magadan region (Russia) were selected for the study. Antibacterial activity was determined based on gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gramnegative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Antifungal activity was identified by using strains of Aspergillus terreus and Candida albicans. According to the results of the study, fungi isolated from lichens Peltigera leucophlebia (CD), Hypogymnia sachalinensis (CD) showed antifungal activity, and fungi from Peltigera leucophlebia (CD), Peltigera aphthosa (CD), Melanohalea olivacea (PDA, CD), displayed antibacterial activity. As a result of studying the biological activity, the fungi isolated from the lichen Peltigera leucophlebia (CD) have both antibacterial and antifungal activity.