The present work aims to evaluate the influence of thickness on the drying kinetics of beet slices and to adjust mathematical models (empirical and diffusive) to experimental data. The beets were cut in three different thicknesses (4, 6 and 8 mm) and the drying kinetics were carried out in an air circulation oven with a speed of 1.5 ms-1, at a temperature of 60 ºC. The empirical (Lewis, Page and Handerson and Pabis) and diffusive mathematical models considering the infinite wall geometry and the boundary condition of the third type were adjusted to the experimental data. The Page model presented as the best fit when compared to the others because it had higher values for R2 (R2> 0.99) and lower values for the chi-square function. The analytical solution of the diffusion equation with infinite wall geometry, showed an increase in the diffusivity and convective coefficient of heat transfer with an increase in the thickness of the slices and the low values of the number of biot indicate that the boundary condition used (third type) described the process satisfactorily. However, when there was an increase in the thickness of the slices, the lesser the variations in humidity inside them over time.
The present work aimed to perform the drying kinetics of shelled walnuts at different drying air temperatures and to adjust different mathematical models to experimental drying data, selecting the one that best describes the phenomenon. The drying kinetics were performed in a dryer with air circulation with an air speed of 1.5 m/s, at temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 °C. The experimental data were adjusted using the empirical models of Page, Handerson and Pabis, Newton, Logarithmic and Midili. The best model was selected taking as a parameter the magnitude of the coefficient of determination (R2) and the mean square deviation (DQM). The Page and Midili models stood out from the others because they presented the best R2 values (> 99%) and the lowest DQM values (<0.0306463) for the studied drying temperatures. The drying kinetics of the nuts without shells showed that the temperature was the variable of greatest influence in the process, and that the drying constant “k” increased with its increase, and the time of the process decreased due to its increase.
A pandemia da Covid-19 praticamente parou o mundo durante dois anos, trazendo diversos transtornos à população mundial. Durante esse período, foram realizadas inúmeras pesquisas com o objetivo de encontrar um tratamento eficaz para essa doença que já matou milhões de pessoas e que continua a persistir na atualidade. Diante do exposto, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma busca de patentes e de artigos relacionados ao tratamento da Covid-19. As patentes foram pesquisadas na base Espacenet e no INPI e os artigos científicos na base de dados: Sciencedirect, Web of Science e a Scielo. A busca foi compreendida entre os anos de 2017 e 2021 por meio da utilização de diferentes descritores. Os resultados encontrados por este trabalho demonstram que o número de patentes depositadas é muito pequeno quando comparado aos artigos publicados e a quanto o Brasil ainda precisa se desenvolver para que seja reconhecido como um país que busca soluções para o tratamento da Covid-19.
1 Obtenção de batata-doce em pó em leito de jorro e influência da temperatura de secagem nas propriedades físico-químicas Obtaining powdered sweet potato in spouted bed and influence of drying temperature on physicochemical properties Obtención de batata en polvo en lecho echado e influencia de la temperatura de secado en las propiedades fisicoquímicas Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo obter a farinha da batata-doce através do processo de secagem por atomização, em leito de jorro e avaliar o efeito das temperaturas utilizadas nas suas propriedades físico-químicas. A batata-doce foi submetida ao processo de secagem em leito de jorro nas temperaturas de 50, 60 e 70 °C, vazão do ar no bico atomizador de 3,0 m 3 /min e vazão de alimentação da bomba de 2,7 ml/min. A batata-doce in natura e as farinhas obtidas foram caracterizadas quanto aos seguintes parâmetros físico-químicos: umidade, sólidos totais, atividade de água (aw), cinzas, lipídeos, carboidratos, pH, acidez total tilulável (ATT), sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e ratio (SST/ATT cinzas quando se teve aumento da temperatura de secagem. A secagem possibilitou redução no teor de umidade, atividade de água da batata-doce in natura garantindo uma maior vida de prateleira do produto. Houve). O batata-doce in natura apresentou alto teor de umidade de 69,48% e aumento nos teores de diferenças estatísticas significativas entre as temperaturas utilizadas com relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos. No entanto, a temperatura de 80 °C possibilitou o maior valor de sólidos solúveis totais, ratio (SST/ATT) e carboidratos totais evidenciando o potencial tecnológico do produto em pó. AbstractThe present study aimed to obtain the sweet potato flour through the spray drying process, in a spouted bed and to evaluate the effect of the temperatures used on its physical-chemical properties. The sweet potato was submitted to the spouting bed drying process at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70 °C, air flow in the atomizing nozzle of 3.0 m 3 /min and pump flow rate of 2.7 ml/min. The fresh sweet potatoes and the flours obtained were characterized according to the following physical-chemical parameters: humidity, total solids, water activity (aw), ash, lipids, carbohydrates, pH, total tileable acidity (ATT), total soluble solids (SST) and ratio (SST/ATT ash when there was an increase in the drying temperature. The drying allowed a reduction in the moisture content, water activity of fresh sweet potatoes, guaranteeing a longer shelf life of the product. There was). The sweet potato in natura showed a high moisture content of 69.48% and an increase in the contents of statistically significant differences between the temperatures used in relation to the physical-chemical parameters.However, the temperature of 80 °C enabled the highest value of total soluble solids, ratio (SST/ATT) and total carbohydrates, showing the technological potential of the powder product. ResumenEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo obtener la harina de batata a través del proceso de secado por aspersión, en...
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