Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been identified as a food additive that Adversely affects MSG use on the reproductive efficiency by several mechanisms, this study was carried out to determine its role in stimulating the immune response in the reproductive system by estimating levels of NF-κB in serum and of its expression in reproductive organs. Thirty sex males rats were used in this study each included 12 male rats. Male rats A and B are receiving 60 and 120 mg/kg for 28 days respectively male rats of the control group were left without treatment for the period of the experiment. The levels of Nuclear factor-kappa NF-κB in serum and tissue fluid of testes and epididymis were measured. histological changes in addition to detection NF-κB expression were studying in testes and epididymis. Results of the present study recorded the toxic effect of MSG as it caused an elevation in the levels of NF-κB in serum, testicular, and epididymis tissue fluid. histological alternation in the reproductive organs was observed to represent detachment and vacuolation of the seminal epithelium, degeneration of spermatogenesis edema in a lumen in testicular tissues. Epididymal sections appeared to sever necrosis, degeneration in the epithelial layer and stereocilia, and the lumen of the epididymis. Also there was an increasing density of NFκB protein immunoreactivity in both testis and epididymis.

The present study aims to examine the genetic variation of the ATP1B1 gene concerning hypertension and chronic kidney disease CKD. (120 ) blood samples from participants were obtained and divided into three groups: a first group representing hypertensive patients (hyper), a second group representing Hypertensive CKD  patients (hyper with CKD), and a third group representing a control group.   DNA was extracted from all blood samples and then converted to cDNA and the ARMS-PCR technique was used to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from the ATP1B1, genes. The result of this study investigated that SNP rs2901029 located in ATP1B1 is significant association with hypertension and CKD.

For the importance of the infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa which result in serious illness and the complications that may exceed more than one organ of the body, this study was carried using laboratory animals, rats as a model for the mammals’ animals to detect the levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 in plasma and tissues and the histopathological effects that can be caused by these bacteria in several organs, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and heart. Methods: In this study, we used 24 rats, 12 untreated (negative) group and 12 treated group that injected intrapertonally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspension for two periods (1 and 7 days). At the end of experimental period, animals were sacrificed, blood samples were collected and dissected each of lung, liver, spleen, kidney and heart to determine the level of TNF-α and MCP-1 in the plasma and tissues in addition to investigate the histopathological changes. Results: Rats infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused a significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 in the plasma and studied organs tissues in comparison with negative rats. In addition to investigate the positive correlation between TNF-α and MCP-1 levels in both plasma and tissues. Light microscopic examination appeared the structural changes in all studied organs of animal infected with P. aeruginosa for two periods and this change was more acute in 7 days of treated compared with untreated groups, where have normal structure. In lung, infiltrations of inflammatory cells in addition to necrosis and hemorrhage of respiratory units. Liver sections characterized by irregularity architecture structure with congestion of central vein. Also, we proved abnormal texture of spleen tissue and proliferation in central germination of white pulp. In addition to dilation in parts of urinary duct in kidney, including glomerular collapse, infiltration of lymphocytes. For heart, there is a disorganization of myocardium tissues. While all organs slices of negative groups were normal. Conclusions: We conclude from the results of the current study that the infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa can elevate inflammation in most organs of the body by induce over expression of TNF-α and MCP-1, which is reflected negatively on the performance of the function and thus the overall health of the body.

The current study has been designed to evaluate the effect of silica Oxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) exposure on the reproductive performance of male rats. Forty adult Wistar albino male rats ( aged 60-70 days with body weight 130-140 g), were randomly divided into four equal groups, 10 rats per group: control group were received physiological saline, and three treated groups were administered by gavage at dose (1 mg, 10 mg and 100 mg/kg Body weight) of SiO2NPs suspension daily for 22 days, to study the effect of treated groups with silica nanoparticles on the expression of mRNA for Cyp19a1and Cyp17a1genes in testis by using qRT-PCR technique. Experimental results obtained from SiO2NPs treated male rats at the molecular level, the results appear that there is a significant (p<0.05) decrease in expression level of Cyp19a1and Cyp17a1genes in testis tissue for groups treated compared to control group.