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Combined liver and bile-duct resection can be performed for hilar cholangiocarcinoma with acceptable mortality, though higher than that for liver resections performed for other indications. The use of PVE in cases where hypertrophy of the remnant liver has not occurred preoperatively may reduce the risk of operative mortality.

Preoperative PVE is a safe and effective method of increasing the remnant liver volume before extended hepatectomy. Increasing the remnant liver volume in patients with estimated postresection volumes of less than 25% appears to reduce postoperative liver dysfunction.

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