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No abstract

Um posicionamento adequado influencia o desenvolvimento neurossensorial, proporcionando conforto, além de auxiliar na melhora da função respiratória de um recém-nascido (RN), o que por sua vez, também reduz a sensação dolorosa. O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em verificar a utilização das redes de descanso e do posicionamento em prono no alívio da dor e no comportamento dos sinais vitais em recém-nascidos pré-termo (RCPT). Trata-se de pesquisa intervencionista com uma amostra de 20 recém-nascidos pré-termos internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) do Hospital do Açúcar na cidade de Maceió (AL, Brasil). Avaliaram-se os sinais vitais e o escore de dor (escala NFCS - Sistema de Codificação da Atividade Facial Neonatal) antes e após os posicionamentos propostos. Esta pesquisa teve os seguintes resultados: ao comparar os valores iniciais e finais para cada variável entre as intervenções prono e redes de descanso, foi observada melhora significativa nos sinais vitais e na dor em ambos os posicionamentos, mas não houve significância estatística (p > 0,05) entre as intervenções, indicando que as mesmas causaram alterações semelhantes nos recém-nascidos. Os achados apontam a importância das mudanças de decúbito citados em RNPT estáveis internados em UTIN por se tratarem de métodos não invasivos e de baixo custo que proporcionam benefícios para o desenvolvimento como um todo desses RN.Palavras-chave: Recém-nascido. Posicionamento. Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels, causing serious damage to the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and other systems. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 6.28% in 2017, considering all age groups worldwide (prevalence rate of 6,059 cases per 100,000), and its global prevalence is projected to increase to 7,079 cases per 100,000 by 2030. Furthermore, these individuals are often affected by diabetic myopathy, which is the failure to preserve muscle mass and function in the course of DM. This happens in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM. As skeletal muscle plays a key role in locomotion and glucose homeostasis, diabetic myopathy may contribute to additional complications of the disease. In addition, chronic hyperglycemia is associated with lung functional changes seen in patients with DM, such as reduced lung volumes and compliance, inspiratory muscle strength, and lung elastic recoil. Thus, the weakness of the inspiratory muscles, a consequence of diabetic myopathy, can influence exercise tolerance. Thus, moderate strength training in T2DM can contribute to the gain of peripheral muscle strength. Although the literature is robust on the loss of mass and consequent muscle weakness in diabetic myopathy, triggering pathophysiological factors, the impact on functional capacity, as well as the prescription of physical exercise for this condition deserves to be further explored. This review aims to explore the consequences of diabetic myopathy and its implication in rehabilitation from prescription to safety in the practice of physical exercises for these individuals.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to verify the association among obstructive sleep apnea, functional capacity, and metabolic control. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving individuals of both sexes with clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 who were above 18 years of age. The assessment consisted of a volunteer identification form, a 2-minute step test, and the Stop-Bang questionnaire. In order to assess metabolic control, HbA1c and fasting glucose data were collected from medical records. RESULTS: A total of 100 individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2, of whom 61% were women, were included in this study. According to the Stop-Bang instrument, 26, 57, and 17% of patients had low, intermediate, and high risk of developing OSA, respectively. There was no association between the 2-minute step test and metabolic variables and diabetes mellitus type 2 chronicity with Stop-Bang. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that there is no association among obstructive sleep apnea measured by means of Stop-Bang instrument, functional capacity measured by means of 2-minute step test, and metabolic variables in individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2.