When planning the construction of a forest road and choosing its rational position on the ground, engineer is constantly faced with the need to take into account the features of the relief, climate, physical and geographical processes and phenomena, surface and underground waters, soil, vegetation, and human economic activity, as factors determining the first first of all, the cost of the construction of a forest road. A correlation analysis carried out for all the arguments has made it possible to establish the most important characteristics of the components of the geographic environment that affect the complexity of constructing a timber road by cost type. The state of theoretical research in the field of construction of departmental motorways has been thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. The analysis made it possible to outline the goals, objectives and general methodology for determining the cost of building roads, depending on the type of work, as well as varying degrees of complexity of road construction, the value of natural resources, and the specific qualities of the territory in the area of the road. The presented results and dependencies may be the basis for determining the basic cost of road construction

The article describes a technique for obtaining experimental data for the purpose of optimal distribution of the forest transport network on a specific terrain model. Particular attention was paid to the issue of the operability of primary forest transport routes, in particular, the requirements for the strength of trunk lines, which is of fundamental importance when establishing the optimal distance between long-term roads. The operability of the trunk lines was experimentally investigated, while the scheme of the movement of tractors along the ring was used. Based on experimental data, certain values of track depth, relative humidity, density and the number of impacts depending on the number of passes were obtained. In the course of the experimental study, functional dependences of the increase in the depth of the track on the number of passages were established and calculated, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of forest soils. During the tests, some fundamental differences were recorded in the process of track formation during the movement of wheeled and tracked tractors. It is important for the development of measures to reduce the seasonality of forest transport, especially during the autumn-spring thaw. Comparative tests of tracked and wheeled tractors when they move along a reinforced track have shown that a reinforced track when moving a wheeled tractor is able to withstand a significantly greater number of passes than when moving a tracked tractor. For the statistical evaluation of the experiments carried out, it was determined what errors could be caused by replacing the parameter with its point estimate. Analysis of statistical processing of the observation results showed that all the series, as a rule, correspond to the law of normal definition, which is determined by the ratio of the symmetry and kurtosis indicators to their average errors. These relations are determined within the limits of permissible deviations, therefore, asymmetry and kurtosis in this case do not matter significantly.

At the present stage of development of our country with the widespread use of innovative methods, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment in order to solve complex problems. The presented article contains evidence of the need for a comprehensive assessment of the natural and man-made conditions for the construction of logging road. The developed methodology for integrated assessment can significantly simplify the process of choosing a rational location of the route and eliminate the intuitive approach to solving this problem. When conducting a comprehensive assessment, the route of the designed logging road is plotted on the cartographic diagrams, and the environmental conditions and human economic activities in the survey area are assessed. The proposed technique allows you to easily and consistently analyze the features of natural and technogenic conditions in the area of logging road construction. An analysis of the main components of the landscapes enables to draw conclusions about the conditions of humidification, the height of the snow cover, the number of days in a year with snowstorms, the relief of the area where the forest road was laid, physical and geological phenomena, characteristics of soil conditions, characteristics of population density, the location of unique natural complexes and the total complexity of road construction conditions. The complexity indicator for the logging road construction reflects the degree of influence of natural conditions, human economic activity and the value of the territories. The methodology presented in the article helps to determine the rational location of the forest road route by assessing the impact of natural conditions and human economic activity on local territories - micro-landscapes, each of which is a natural complex with varying complexity of road construction conditions and land value. The proposed comprehensive assessment enables to compare microlandscapes by the complexity of road construction and find the areas most favorable for logging road construction. A forest road constructed within micro-landscapes with a minimum complexity will meet economic and environmental requirements. The minimum value of the final indicator characterizes the micro landscape with the most favorable conditions for logging road construction. The maximum value of the final complexity indicator characterizes micro-landscapes with the most unfavorable conditions for the construction of a logging road. When choosing the option of laying the route of a forest road, a comparison is proposed to be made according to the weighted average indicator of the complexity of road construction, the average weighted indicator of the value of occupied land and the average weighted total indicator of the complexity of road construction. Indicators of the complexity of logging road construction make it possible to determine the cost of construction by the main types of costs for every road landscape.

This article discusses the issues of using ground-based stereophotogrammetric survey to determine the geometric elements of logging roads. Due to the lack of developments on the assessment of accuracy in determining the geometric elements of roads, the use of terrestrial stereophotogrammetry makes it possible to eliminate the shortcomings of geodetic measurement methods, since it makes it possible to obtain reliable information about the road as a result of the use of modern computer technologies. These issues are very relevant when performing work on the inspection of logging roads for the purpose of their reconstruction. For carrying out the reconstruction of a logging road, along with the definition of its elements, such as the width of the carriageway, the radius of horizontal and vertical curves, it is very important to determine the main points of the curves. This is due to the need to survey the existing road in terms of traffic safety on it. Determining the position of the beginning and end of the curve directly in the field is a rather complex and time-consuming task. The most rational way to determine the main points of the curve will be the one in which all measuring operations will be carried out in the office process and with sufficient accuracy for further design. To determine the main points of the curve, an analytical method is proposed using materials from ground-based stereophotogrammetric survey, which is based on obtaining the polar coordinates of these points of the curve. The use of ground-based stereophotogrammetric surveys makes it possible to obtain objective and high-quality information about a logging road, transfer labor-intensive measurement operations to the cameral process, and automate survey work. Ground-based photo-video recording materials allow directly in office conditions using a stereoscopic terrain model to measure the width of the subgrade of the road, the radii of vertical and horizontal curves, the angles of inclination and slopes of lines, and to determine the position of the main points of the curves. The use of modern computer technologies significantly increases the advantages of the ground-based stereophotogrammetry method.

The paper is devoted to mathematical modeling of the analysis of the survival of an automated information system in enterprises, namely the survival of a file server for production management. Based on the studies, a methodology was developed for constructing a survival analysis model for an automated information system, which consisted of using beta distributions as a survival analysis model. This model can effectively predict the behavior of a system after an attack and the prospective life expectancy of both the whole system and its separate components, calculating risk parameters for a beta distribution of the probability density of damage and building the dependence of the values of the estimates of the survival function and instant risk function on specific factors.