Imidazolium-based zinc-containing ionic liquids (ILs), [1-R-3-R′-imidazolium]alkylsulfate-ZnCl2 (R and R′ = H or alkyl), were highly effective for the denitrogenation of a model oil containing quinoline, indole, or acridine in n-heptane. Fast atom bombardment (FAB)−mass spectra and a computational study imply that the interaction of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIm]EtSO4) with ZnCl2 produces Zn-containing ILs, presumably [EMIm]ZnCl2(EtSO4) and [EMIm]ZnCl(EtSO4)2 as the major ionic species. The interaction of EtSO4 − and ZnCl2(EtSO4)− with a heterocyclic N compound was theoretically investigated. The zinc-containing IL, [EMIm]ZnCl2(EtSO4), used for the extraction of quinoline was successfully regenerated by employing diethyl ether as a back extractant.

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In this article the regulations and policy about S and Ncontaining compounds in fuels, the general information about methods of desulfurization (DS) and denitrogenation (DN) and ionic liquids (ILs) assisted DS and DN are considered. We presented the most effective and novel methods of sulfur and nitrogen compounds removal using ILs from model and real fuels.

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