No abstract

In this article the regulations and policy about S and Ncontaining compounds in fuels, the general information about methods of desulfurization (DS) and denitrogenation (DN) and ionic liquids (ILs) assisted DS and DN are considered. We presented the most effective and novel methods of sulfur and nitrogen compounds removal using ILs from model and real fuels.

No abstract

Two new phosphinite ligands based on ionic liquids [(Ph 2 PO)C 7 H 14 N 2 Cl]Cl (1) and [(Cy 2 PO)C 7 H 14 N 2 Cl]Cl (2) were synthesized by reaction of 1-(3-chloro-2-hydoxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C 7 2 Cl 2 ], respectively. All complexes were isolated as analytically pure substances and characterized using multinuclear NMR and infrared spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The catalytic activity of palladium complexes based on ionic liquid phosphinite ligands 1 and 2 was investigated in Suzuki cross-coupling. They show outstanding catalytic activity in coupling of a series of aryl bromides or aryl iodides with phenylboronic acid under the optimized reaction conditions in water. The complexes provide turnover frequencies of 57 600 and 232 800 h À1 in Suzuki coupling reactions of phenylboronic acid with p-bromoacetophenone or p-iodoacetophenone, respectively, which are the highest values ever reported among similar complexes for Suzuki coupling reactions in water as sole solvent in homogeneous catalysis. Furthermore, the palladium complexes were also found to be highly active catalysts in the Heck reaction affording trans-stilbenes.